5 Best Ways to Print a Calendar for a Month in Python

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💡 Problem Formulation: Python developers often need to generate calendars for various purposes such as organizing schedules, creating date pickers, or simply for understanding the distribution of days in a month. In this article, we explore how to programmatically create a representation of a single month’s calendar in Python. For example, given the input of February 2023, the output should be a neatly arranged calendar of that month.

Method 1: Using the calendar Module

This method involves utilizing Python’s built-in calendar module, which provides useful functions to format months and years as text. The calendar.month() function can be specifically used to print a month’s calendar.

Here’s an example:

import os

os.system('cal 2 2023')

Output:

   February 2023      
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  
          1  2  3  4  
 5  6  7  8  9 10 11  
12 13 14 15 16 17 18  
19 20 21 22 23 24 25  
26 27 28

This one-liner calls the Unix cal command with arguments representing the month and year, which prints the calendar for February 2023 to the terminal.

Summary/Discussion

  • Method 1: Using calendar Module. Simple and straightforward, but lacks customization options. Ideal for quickly viewing a calendar in text format.
  • Method 2: Using calendar.TextCalendar. Offers more formatting control and customization options than the basic calendar module method. Best used when the start day must be specific.
  • Method 3: Using calendar.HTMLCalendar. This is the best method for web applications as it provides an HTML output that can be directly embedded into web pages.
  • Method 4: Using pandas Library. Most practical for data-centric projects. However, it can be overkill for simple calendar printing needs and requires an external library.
  • Method 5: Command Line cal Utility. Quick and easy to use, but it’s platform-dependent and less portable across operating systems.
import pandas as pd

# Define the year and month
year = 2023
month = 2

# Create a date range for the month
date_range = pd.date_range(f"{year}-{month}-01", f"{year}-{month}-28")

# Print the calendar
for date in date_range:
    print(date.strftime("%A %d. %B %Y"))

The above code creates a date range for the specified month and year and then iterates over it, printing each date according to the specified format.

Bonus One-Liner Method 5: Command Line cal Utility

For Unix-based systems, you might want to integrate Python with the command-line tool cal to print a simple calendar. Using Python’s os module, you can access system-level operations.

Here’s an example:

import os

os.system('cal 2 2023')

Output:

   February 2023      
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  
          1  2  3  4  
 5  6  7  8  9 10 11  
12 13 14 15 16 17 18  
19 20 21 22 23 24 25  
26 27 28

This one-liner calls the Unix cal command with arguments representing the month and year, which prints the calendar for February 2023 to the terminal.

Summary/Discussion

  • Method 1: Using calendar Module. Simple and straightforward, but lacks customization options. Ideal for quickly viewing a calendar in text format.
  • Method 2: Using calendar.TextCalendar. Offers more formatting control and customization options than the basic calendar module method. Best used when the start day must be specific.
  • Method 3: Using calendar.HTMLCalendar. This is the best method for web applications as it provides an HTML output that can be directly embedded into web pages.
  • Method 4: Using pandas Library. Most practical for data-centric projects. However, it can be overkill for simple calendar printing needs and requires an external library.
  • Method 5: Command Line cal Utility. Quick and easy to use, but it’s platform-dependent and less portable across operating systems.
import calendar

html_calendar = calendar.HTMLCalendar(calendar.SUNDAY)
print(html_calendar.formatmonth(2023, 2))

Output:

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="month">
...
</table>

Here, an HTMLCalendar instance is created and the formatmonth() method is used to create the HTML code for the February 2023 calendar.

Method 4: Using pandas Library

If you’re working with data analysis in Python, you might already have the pandas library installed. It has powerful date and time features that can be used to construct a calendar.

Here’s an example:

import pandas as pd

# Define the year and month
year = 2023
month = 2

# Create a date range for the month
date_range = pd.date_range(f"{year}-{month}-01", f"{year}-{month}-28")

# Print the calendar
for date in date_range:
    print(date.strftime("%A %d. %B %Y"))

The above code creates a date range for the specified month and year and then iterates over it, printing each date according to the specified format.

Bonus One-Liner Method 5: Command Line cal Utility

For Unix-based systems, you might want to integrate Python with the command-line tool cal to print a simple calendar. Using Python’s os module, you can access system-level operations.

Here’s an example:

import os

os.system('cal 2 2023')

Output:

   February 2023      
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  
          1  2  3  4  
 5  6  7  8  9 10 11  
12 13 14 15 16 17 18  
19 20 21 22 23 24 25  
26 27 28

This one-liner calls the Unix cal command with arguments representing the month and year, which prints the calendar for February 2023 to the terminal.

Summary/Discussion

  • Method 1: Using calendar Module. Simple and straightforward, but lacks customization options. Ideal for quickly viewing a calendar in text format.
  • Method 2: Using calendar.TextCalendar. Offers more formatting control and customization options than the basic calendar module method. Best used when the start day must be specific.
  • Method 3: Using calendar.HTMLCalendar. This is the best method for web applications as it provides an HTML output that can be directly embedded into web pages.
  • Method 4: Using pandas Library. Most practical for data-centric projects. However, it can be overkill for simple calendar printing needs and requires an external library.
  • Method 5: Command Line cal Utility. Quick and easy to use, but it’s platform-dependent and less portable across operating systems.
import calendar

cal = calendar.TextCalendar(calendar.SUNDAY)
print(cal.formatmonth(2023, 2))

Output:

   February 2023
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
          1  2  3  4
 5  6  7  8  9 10 11
12 13 14 15 16 17 18
19 20 21 22 23 24 25
26 27 28

This snippet instantiates a TextCalendar object with Sunday as the first day of the week, and then formats the month of February 2023 accordingly with the formatmonth() method.

Method 3: Using calendar.HTMLCalendar

For users who want to print a calendar in a format that can be easily embedded into a web page, the HTMLCalendar class within the calendar module is ideal as it outputs an HTML formatted calendar.

Here’s an example:

import calendar

html_calendar = calendar.HTMLCalendar(calendar.SUNDAY)
print(html_calendar.formatmonth(2023, 2))

Output:

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="month">
...
</table>

Here, an HTMLCalendar instance is created and the formatmonth() method is used to create the HTML code for the February 2023 calendar.

Method 4: Using pandas Library

If you’re working with data analysis in Python, you might already have the pandas library installed. It has powerful date and time features that can be used to construct a calendar.

Here’s an example:

import pandas as pd

# Define the year and month
year = 2023
month = 2

# Create a date range for the month
date_range = pd.date_range(f"{year}-{month}-01", f"{year}-{month}-28")

# Print the calendar
for date in date_range:
    print(date.strftime("%A %d. %B %Y"))

The above code creates a date range for the specified month and year and then iterates over it, printing each date according to the specified format.

Bonus One-Liner Method 5: Command Line cal Utility

For Unix-based systems, you might want to integrate Python with the command-line tool cal to print a simple calendar. Using Python’s os module, you can access system-level operations.

Here’s an example:

import os

os.system('cal 2 2023')

Output:

   February 2023      
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  
          1  2  3  4  
 5  6  7  8  9 10 11  
12 13 14 15 16 17 18  
19 20 21 22 23 24 25  
26 27 28

This one-liner calls the Unix cal command with arguments representing the month and year, which prints the calendar for February 2023 to the terminal.

Summary/Discussion

  • Method 1: Using calendar Module. Simple and straightforward, but lacks customization options. Ideal for quickly viewing a calendar in text format.
  • Method 2: Using calendar.TextCalendar. Offers more formatting control and customization options than the basic calendar module method. Best used when the start day must be specific.
  • Method 3: Using calendar.HTMLCalendar. This is the best method for web applications as it provides an HTML output that can be directly embedded into web pages.
  • Method 4: Using pandas Library. Most practical for data-centric projects. However, it can be overkill for simple calendar printing needs and requires an external library.
  • Method 5: Command Line cal Utility. Quick and easy to use, but it’s platform-dependent and less portable across operating systems.
import calendar

year = 2023
month = 2
print(calendar.month(year, month))

Output:

   February 2023
Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su
       1  2  3  4  5
 6  7  8  9 10 11 12
13 14 15 16 17 18 19
20 21 22 23 24 25 26
27 28

The code imports the calendar module and then calls the month() function with the specified year and month inputs to print a text-formatted calendar for that month.

Method 2: Using calendar.TextCalendar

Another approach within the calendar module is leveraging the TextCalendar class, which provides more control over the formatting of the calendar, like altering the first weekday.

Here’s an example:

import calendar

cal = calendar.TextCalendar(calendar.SUNDAY)
print(cal.formatmonth(2023, 2))

Output:

   February 2023
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
          1  2  3  4
 5  6  7  8  9 10 11
12 13 14 15 16 17 18
19 20 21 22 23 24 25
26 27 28

This snippet instantiates a TextCalendar object with Sunday as the first day of the week, and then formats the month of February 2023 accordingly with the formatmonth() method.

Method 3: Using calendar.HTMLCalendar

For users who want to print a calendar in a format that can be easily embedded into a web page, the HTMLCalendar class within the calendar module is ideal as it outputs an HTML formatted calendar.

Here’s an example:

import calendar

html_calendar = calendar.HTMLCalendar(calendar.SUNDAY)
print(html_calendar.formatmonth(2023, 2))

Output:

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="month">
...
</table>

Here, an HTMLCalendar instance is created and the formatmonth() method is used to create the HTML code for the February 2023 calendar.

Method 4: Using pandas Library

If you’re working with data analysis in Python, you might already have the pandas library installed. It has powerful date and time features that can be used to construct a calendar.

Here’s an example:

import pandas as pd

# Define the year and month
year = 2023
month = 2

# Create a date range for the month
date_range = pd.date_range(f"{year}-{month}-01", f"{year}-{month}-28")

# Print the calendar
for date in date_range:
    print(date.strftime("%A %d. %B %Y"))

The above code creates a date range for the specified month and year and then iterates over it, printing each date according to the specified format.

Bonus One-Liner Method 5: Command Line cal Utility

For Unix-based systems, you might want to integrate Python with the command-line tool cal to print a simple calendar. Using Python’s os module, you can access system-level operations.

Here’s an example:

import os

os.system('cal 2 2023')

Output:

   February 2023      
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  
          1  2  3  4  
 5  6  7  8  9 10 11  
12 13 14 15 16 17 18  
19 20 21 22 23 24 25  
26 27 28

This one-liner calls the Unix cal command with arguments representing the month and year, which prints the calendar for February 2023 to the terminal.

Summary/Discussion

  • Method 1: Using calendar Module. Simple and straightforward, but lacks customization options. Ideal for quickly viewing a calendar in text format.
  • Method 2: Using calendar.TextCalendar. Offers more formatting control and customization options than the basic calendar module method. Best used when the start day must be specific.
  • Method 3: Using calendar.HTMLCalendar. This is the best method for web applications as it provides an HTML output that can be directly embedded into web pages.
  • Method 4: Using pandas Library. Most practical for data-centric projects. However, it can be overkill for simple calendar printing needs and requires an external library.
  • Method 5: Command Line cal Utility. Quick and easy to use, but it’s platform-dependent and less portable across operating systems.
import pandas as pd

# Define the year and month
year = 2023
month = 2

# Create a date range for the month
date_range = pd.date_range(f"{year}-{month}-01", f"{year}-{month}-28")

# Print the calendar
for date in date_range:
    print(date.strftime("%A %d. %B %Y"))

The above code creates a date range for the specified month and year and then iterates over it, printing each date according to the specified format.

Bonus One-Liner Method 5: Command Line cal Utility

For Unix-based systems, you might want to integrate Python with the command-line tool cal to print a simple calendar. Using Python’s os module, you can access system-level operations.

Here’s an example:

import os

os.system('cal 2 2023')

Output:

   February 2023      
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  
          1  2  3  4  
 5  6  7  8  9 10 11  
12 13 14 15 16 17 18  
19 20 21 22 23 24 25  
26 27 28

This one-liner calls the Unix cal command with arguments representing the month and year, which prints the calendar for February 2023 to the terminal.

Summary/Discussion

  • Method 1: Using calendar Module. Simple and straightforward, but lacks customization options. Ideal for quickly viewing a calendar in text format.
  • Method 2: Using calendar.TextCalendar. Offers more formatting control and customization options than the basic calendar module method. Best used when the start day must be specific.
  • Method 3: Using calendar.HTMLCalendar. This is the best method for web applications as it provides an HTML output that can be directly embedded into web pages.
  • Method 4: Using pandas Library. Most practical for data-centric projects. However, it can be overkill for simple calendar printing needs and requires an external library.
  • Method 5: Command Line cal Utility. Quick and easy to use, but it’s platform-dependent and less portable across operating systems.
import calendar

year = 2023
month = 2
print(calendar.month(year, month))

Output:

   February 2023
Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su
       1  2  3  4  5
 6  7  8  9 10 11 12
13 14 15 16 17 18 19
20 21 22 23 24 25 26
27 28

The code imports the calendar module and then calls the month() function with the specified year and month inputs to print a text-formatted calendar for that month.

Method 2: Using calendar.TextCalendar

Another approach within the calendar module is leveraging the TextCalendar class, which provides more control over the formatting of the calendar, like altering the first weekday.

Here’s an example:

import calendar

cal = calendar.TextCalendar(calendar.SUNDAY)
print(cal.formatmonth(2023, 2))

Output:

   February 2023
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
          1  2  3  4
 5  6  7  8  9 10 11
12 13 14 15 16 17 18
19 20 21 22 23 24 25
26 27 28

This snippet instantiates a TextCalendar object with Sunday as the first day of the week, and then formats the month of February 2023 accordingly with the formatmonth() method.

Method 3: Using calendar.HTMLCalendar

For users who want to print a calendar in a format that can be easily embedded into a web page, the HTMLCalendar class within the calendar module is ideal as it outputs an HTML formatted calendar.

Here’s an example:

import calendar

html_calendar = calendar.HTMLCalendar(calendar.SUNDAY)
print(html_calendar.formatmonth(2023, 2))

Output:

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="month">
...
</table>

Here, an HTMLCalendar instance is created and the formatmonth() method is used to create the HTML code for the February 2023 calendar.

Method 4: Using pandas Library

If you’re working with data analysis in Python, you might already have the pandas library installed. It has powerful date and time features that can be used to construct a calendar.

Here’s an example:

import pandas as pd

# Define the year and month
year = 2023
month = 2

# Create a date range for the month
date_range = pd.date_range(f"{year}-{month}-01", f"{year}-{month}-28")

# Print the calendar
for date in date_range:
    print(date.strftime("%A %d. %B %Y"))

The above code creates a date range for the specified month and year and then iterates over it, printing each date according to the specified format.

Bonus One-Liner Method 5: Command Line cal Utility

For Unix-based systems, you might want to integrate Python with the command-line tool cal to print a simple calendar. Using Python’s os module, you can access system-level operations.

Here’s an example:

import os

os.system('cal 2 2023')

Output:

   February 2023      
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  
          1  2  3  4  
 5  6  7  8  9 10 11  
12 13 14 15 16 17 18  
19 20 21 22 23 24 25  
26 27 28

This one-liner calls the Unix cal command with arguments representing the month and year, which prints the calendar for February 2023 to the terminal.

Summary/Discussion

  • Method 1: Using calendar Module. Simple and straightforward, but lacks customization options. Ideal for quickly viewing a calendar in text format.
  • Method 2: Using calendar.TextCalendar. Offers more formatting control and customization options than the basic calendar module method. Best used when the start day must be specific.
  • Method 3: Using calendar.HTMLCalendar. This is the best method for web applications as it provides an HTML output that can be directly embedded into web pages.
  • Method 4: Using pandas Library. Most practical for data-centric projects. However, it can be overkill for simple calendar printing needs and requires an external library.
  • Method 5: Command Line cal Utility. Quick and easy to use, but it’s platform-dependent and less portable across operating systems.
import calendar

html_calendar = calendar.HTMLCalendar(calendar.SUNDAY)
print(html_calendar.formatmonth(2023, 2))

Output:

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="month">
...
</table>

Here, an HTMLCalendar instance is created and the formatmonth() method is used to create the HTML code for the February 2023 calendar.

Method 4: Using pandas Library

If you’re working with data analysis in Python, you might already have the pandas library installed. It has powerful date and time features that can be used to construct a calendar.

Here’s an example:

import pandas as pd

# Define the year and month
year = 2023
month = 2

# Create a date range for the month
date_range = pd.date_range(f"{year}-{month}-01", f"{year}-{month}-28")

# Print the calendar
for date in date_range:
    print(date.strftime("%A %d. %B %Y"))

The above code creates a date range for the specified month and year and then iterates over it, printing each date according to the specified format.

Bonus One-Liner Method 5: Command Line cal Utility

For Unix-based systems, you might want to integrate Python with the command-line tool cal to print a simple calendar. Using Python’s os module, you can access system-level operations.

Here’s an example:

import os

os.system('cal 2 2023')

Output:

   February 2023      
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  
          1  2  3  4  
 5  6  7  8  9 10 11  
12 13 14 15 16 17 18  
19 20 21 22 23 24 25  
26 27 28

This one-liner calls the Unix cal command with arguments representing the month and year, which prints the calendar for February 2023 to the terminal.

Summary/Discussion

  • Method 1: Using calendar Module. Simple and straightforward, but lacks customization options. Ideal for quickly viewing a calendar in text format.
  • Method 2: Using calendar.TextCalendar. Offers more formatting control and customization options than the basic calendar module method. Best used when the start day must be specific.
  • Method 3: Using calendar.HTMLCalendar. This is the best method for web applications as it provides an HTML output that can be directly embedded into web pages.
  • Method 4: Using pandas Library. Most practical for data-centric projects. However, it can be overkill for simple calendar printing needs and requires an external library.
  • Method 5: Command Line cal Utility. Quick and easy to use, but it’s platform-dependent and less portable across operating systems.
import calendar

year = 2023
month = 2
print(calendar.month(year, month))

Output:

   February 2023
Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su
       1  2  3  4  5
 6  7  8  9 10 11 12
13 14 15 16 17 18 19
20 21 22 23 24 25 26
27 28

The code imports the calendar module and then calls the month() function with the specified year and month inputs to print a text-formatted calendar for that month.

Method 2: Using calendar.TextCalendar

Another approach within the calendar module is leveraging the TextCalendar class, which provides more control over the formatting of the calendar, like altering the first weekday.

Here’s an example:

import calendar

cal = calendar.TextCalendar(calendar.SUNDAY)
print(cal.formatmonth(2023, 2))

Output:

   February 2023
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
          1  2  3  4
 5  6  7  8  9 10 11
12 13 14 15 16 17 18
19 20 21 22 23 24 25
26 27 28

This snippet instantiates a TextCalendar object with Sunday as the first day of the week, and then formats the month of February 2023 accordingly with the formatmonth() method.

Method 3: Using calendar.HTMLCalendar

For users who want to print a calendar in a format that can be easily embedded into a web page, the HTMLCalendar class within the calendar module is ideal as it outputs an HTML formatted calendar.

Here’s an example:

import calendar

html_calendar = calendar.HTMLCalendar(calendar.SUNDAY)
print(html_calendar.formatmonth(2023, 2))

Output:

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="month">
...
</table>

Here, an HTMLCalendar instance is created and the formatmonth() method is used to create the HTML code for the February 2023 calendar.

Method 4: Using pandas Library

If you’re working with data analysis in Python, you might already have the pandas library installed. It has powerful date and time features that can be used to construct a calendar.

Here’s an example:

import pandas as pd

# Define the year and month
year = 2023
month = 2

# Create a date range for the month
date_range = pd.date_range(f"{year}-{month}-01", f"{year}-{month}-28")

# Print the calendar
for date in date_range:
    print(date.strftime("%A %d. %B %Y"))

The above code creates a date range for the specified month and year and then iterates over it, printing each date according to the specified format.

Bonus One-Liner Method 5: Command Line cal Utility

For Unix-based systems, you might want to integrate Python with the command-line tool cal to print a simple calendar. Using Python’s os module, you can access system-level operations.

Here’s an example:

import os

os.system('cal 2 2023')

Output:

   February 2023      
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  
          1  2  3  4  
 5  6  7  8  9 10 11  
12 13 14 15 16 17 18  
19 20 21 22 23 24 25  
26 27 28

This one-liner calls the Unix cal command with arguments representing the month and year, which prints the calendar for February 2023 to the terminal.

Summary/Discussion

  • Method 1: Using calendar Module. Simple and straightforward, but lacks customization options. Ideal for quickly viewing a calendar in text format.
  • Method 2: Using calendar.TextCalendar. Offers more formatting control and customization options than the basic calendar module method. Best used when the start day must be specific.
  • Method 3: Using calendar.HTMLCalendar. This is the best method for web applications as it provides an HTML output that can be directly embedded into web pages.
  • Method 4: Using pandas Library. Most practical for data-centric projects. However, it can be overkill for simple calendar printing needs and requires an external library.
  • Method 5: Command Line cal Utility. Quick and easy to use, but it’s platform-dependent and less portable across operating systems.
import calendar

cal = calendar.TextCalendar(calendar.SUNDAY)
print(cal.formatmonth(2023, 2))

Output:

   February 2023
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
          1  2  3  4
 5  6  7  8  9 10 11
12 13 14 15 16 17 18
19 20 21 22 23 24 25
26 27 28

This snippet instantiates a TextCalendar object with Sunday as the first day of the week, and then formats the month of February 2023 accordingly with the formatmonth() method.

Method 3: Using calendar.HTMLCalendar

For users who want to print a calendar in a format that can be easily embedded into a web page, the HTMLCalendar class within the calendar module is ideal as it outputs an HTML formatted calendar.

Here’s an example:

import calendar

html_calendar = calendar.HTMLCalendar(calendar.SUNDAY)
print(html_calendar.formatmonth(2023, 2))

Output:

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="month">
...
</table>

Here, an HTMLCalendar instance is created and the formatmonth() method is used to create the HTML code for the February 2023 calendar.

Method 4: Using pandas Library

If you’re working with data analysis in Python, you might already have the pandas library installed. It has powerful date and time features that can be used to construct a calendar.

Here’s an example:

import pandas as pd

# Define the year and month
year = 2023
month = 2

# Create a date range for the month
date_range = pd.date_range(f"{year}-{month}-01", f"{year}-{month}-28")

# Print the calendar
for date in date_range:
    print(date.strftime("%A %d. %B %Y"))

The above code creates a date range for the specified month and year and then iterates over it, printing each date according to the specified format.

Bonus One-Liner Method 5: Command Line cal Utility

For Unix-based systems, you might want to integrate Python with the command-line tool cal to print a simple calendar. Using Python’s os module, you can access system-level operations.

Here’s an example:

import os

os.system('cal 2 2023')

Output:

   February 2023      
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  
          1  2  3  4  
 5  6  7  8  9 10 11  
12 13 14 15 16 17 18  
19 20 21 22 23 24 25  
26 27 28

This one-liner calls the Unix cal command with arguments representing the month and year, which prints the calendar for February 2023 to the terminal.

Summary/Discussion

  • Method 1: Using calendar Module. Simple and straightforward, but lacks customization options. Ideal for quickly viewing a calendar in text format.
  • Method 2: Using calendar.TextCalendar. Offers more formatting control and customization options than the basic calendar module method. Best used when the start day must be specific.
  • Method 3: Using calendar.HTMLCalendar. This is the best method for web applications as it provides an HTML output that can be directly embedded into web pages.
  • Method 4: Using pandas Library. Most practical for data-centric projects. However, it can be overkill for simple calendar printing needs and requires an external library.
  • Method 5: Command Line cal Utility. Quick and easy to use, but it’s platform-dependent and less portable across operating systems.
import calendar

year = 2023
month = 2
print(calendar.month(year, month))

Output:

   February 2023
Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su
       1  2  3  4  5
 6  7  8  9 10 11 12
13 14 15 16 17 18 19
20 21 22 23 24 25 26
27 28

The code imports the calendar module and then calls the month() function with the specified year and month inputs to print a text-formatted calendar for that month.

Method 2: Using calendar.TextCalendar

Another approach within the calendar module is leveraging the TextCalendar class, which provides more control over the formatting of the calendar, like altering the first weekday.

Here’s an example:

import calendar

cal = calendar.TextCalendar(calendar.SUNDAY)
print(cal.formatmonth(2023, 2))

Output:

   February 2023
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
          1  2  3  4
 5  6  7  8  9 10 11
12 13 14 15 16 17 18
19 20 21 22 23 24 25
26 27 28

This snippet instantiates a TextCalendar object with Sunday as the first day of the week, and then formats the month of February 2023 accordingly with the formatmonth() method.

Method 3: Using calendar.HTMLCalendar

For users who want to print a calendar in a format that can be easily embedded into a web page, the HTMLCalendar class within the calendar module is ideal as it outputs an HTML formatted calendar.

Here’s an example:

import calendar

html_calendar = calendar.HTMLCalendar(calendar.SUNDAY)
print(html_calendar.formatmonth(2023, 2))

Output:

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="month">
...
</table>

Here, an HTMLCalendar instance is created and the formatmonth() method is used to create the HTML code for the February 2023 calendar.

Method 4: Using pandas Library

If you’re working with data analysis in Python, you might already have the pandas library installed. It has powerful date and time features that can be used to construct a calendar.

Here’s an example:

import pandas as pd

# Define the year and month
year = 2023
month = 2

# Create a date range for the month
date_range = pd.date_range(f"{year}-{month}-01", f"{year}-{month}-28")

# Print the calendar
for date in date_range:
    print(date.strftime("%A %d. %B %Y"))

The above code creates a date range for the specified month and year and then iterates over it, printing each date according to the specified format.

Bonus One-Liner Method 5: Command Line cal Utility

For Unix-based systems, you might want to integrate Python with the command-line tool cal to print a simple calendar. Using Python’s os module, you can access system-level operations.

Here’s an example:

import os

os.system('cal 2 2023')

Output:

   February 2023      
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  
          1  2  3  4  
 5  6  7  8  9 10 11  
12 13 14 15 16 17 18  
19 20 21 22 23 24 25  
26 27 28

This one-liner calls the Unix cal command with arguments representing the month and year, which prints the calendar for February 2023 to the terminal.

Summary/Discussion

  • Method 1: Using calendar Module. Simple and straightforward, but lacks customization options. Ideal for quickly viewing a calendar in text format.
  • Method 2: Using calendar.TextCalendar. Offers more formatting control and customization options than the basic calendar module method. Best used when the start day must be specific.
  • Method 3: Using calendar.HTMLCalendar. This is the best method for web applications as it provides an HTML output that can be directly embedded into web pages.
  • Method 4: Using pandas Library. Most practical for data-centric projects. However, it can be overkill for simple calendar printing needs and requires an external library.
  • Method 5: Command Line cal Utility. Quick and easy to use, but it’s platform-dependent and less portable across operating systems.
import pandas as pd

# Define the year and month
year = 2023
month = 2

# Create a date range for the month
date_range = pd.date_range(f"{year}-{month}-01", f"{year}-{month}-28")

# Print the calendar
for date in date_range:
    print(date.strftime("%A %d. %B %Y"))

The above code creates a date range for the specified month and year and then iterates over it, printing each date according to the specified format.

Bonus One-Liner Method 5: Command Line cal Utility

For Unix-based systems, you might want to integrate Python with the command-line tool cal to print a simple calendar. Using Python’s os module, you can access system-level operations.

Here’s an example:

import os

os.system('cal 2 2023')

Output:

   February 2023      
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  
          1  2  3  4  
 5  6  7  8  9 10 11  
12 13 14 15 16 17 18  
19 20 21 22 23 24 25  
26 27 28

This one-liner calls the Unix cal command with arguments representing the month and year, which prints the calendar for February 2023 to the terminal.

Summary/Discussion

  • Method 1: Using calendar Module. Simple and straightforward, but lacks customization options. Ideal for quickly viewing a calendar in text format.
  • Method 2: Using calendar.TextCalendar. Offers more formatting control and customization options than the basic calendar module method. Best used when the start day must be specific.
  • Method 3: Using calendar.HTMLCalendar. This is the best method for web applications as it provides an HTML output that can be directly embedded into web pages.
  • Method 4: Using pandas Library. Most practical for data-centric projects. However, it can be overkill for simple calendar printing needs and requires an external library.
  • Method 5: Command Line cal Utility. Quick and easy to use, but it’s platform-dependent and less portable across operating systems.
import calendar

cal = calendar.TextCalendar(calendar.SUNDAY)
print(cal.formatmonth(2023, 2))

Output:

   February 2023
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
          1  2  3  4
 5  6  7  8  9 10 11
12 13 14 15 16 17 18
19 20 21 22 23 24 25
26 27 28

This snippet instantiates a TextCalendar object with Sunday as the first day of the week, and then formats the month of February 2023 accordingly with the formatmonth() method.

Method 3: Using calendar.HTMLCalendar

For users who want to print a calendar in a format that can be easily embedded into a web page, the HTMLCalendar class within the calendar module is ideal as it outputs an HTML formatted calendar.

Here’s an example:

import calendar

html_calendar = calendar.HTMLCalendar(calendar.SUNDAY)
print(html_calendar.formatmonth(2023, 2))

Output:

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="month">
...
</table>

Here, an HTMLCalendar instance is created and the formatmonth() method is used to create the HTML code for the February 2023 calendar.

Method 4: Using pandas Library

If you’re working with data analysis in Python, you might already have the pandas library installed. It has powerful date and time features that can be used to construct a calendar.

Here’s an example:

import pandas as pd

# Define the year and month
year = 2023
month = 2

# Create a date range for the month
date_range = pd.date_range(f"{year}-{month}-01", f"{year}-{month}-28")

# Print the calendar
for date in date_range:
    print(date.strftime("%A %d. %B %Y"))

The above code creates a date range for the specified month and year and then iterates over it, printing each date according to the specified format.

Bonus One-Liner Method 5: Command Line cal Utility

For Unix-based systems, you might want to integrate Python with the command-line tool cal to print a simple calendar. Using Python’s os module, you can access system-level operations.

Here’s an example:

import os

os.system('cal 2 2023')

Output:

   February 2023      
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  
          1  2  3  4  
 5  6  7  8  9 10 11  
12 13 14 15 16 17 18  
19 20 21 22 23 24 25  
26 27 28

This one-liner calls the Unix cal command with arguments representing the month and year, which prints the calendar for February 2023 to the terminal.

Summary/Discussion

  • Method 1: Using calendar Module. Simple and straightforward, but lacks customization options. Ideal for quickly viewing a calendar in text format.
  • Method 2: Using calendar.TextCalendar. Offers more formatting control and customization options than the basic calendar module method. Best used when the start day must be specific.
  • Method 3: Using calendar.HTMLCalendar. This is the best method for web applications as it provides an HTML output that can be directly embedded into web pages.
  • Method 4: Using pandas Library. Most practical for data-centric projects. However, it can be overkill for simple calendar printing needs and requires an external library.
  • Method 5: Command Line cal Utility. Quick and easy to use, but it’s platform-dependent and less portable across operating systems.
import calendar

year = 2023
month = 2
print(calendar.month(year, month))

Output:

   February 2023
Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su
       1  2  3  4  5
 6  7  8  9 10 11 12
13 14 15 16 17 18 19
20 21 22 23 24 25 26
27 28

The code imports the calendar module and then calls the month() function with the specified year and month inputs to print a text-formatted calendar for that month.

Method 2: Using calendar.TextCalendar

Another approach within the calendar module is leveraging the TextCalendar class, which provides more control over the formatting of the calendar, like altering the first weekday.

Here’s an example:

import calendar

cal = calendar.TextCalendar(calendar.SUNDAY)
print(cal.formatmonth(2023, 2))

Output:

   February 2023
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
          1  2  3  4
 5  6  7  8  9 10 11
12 13 14 15 16 17 18
19 20 21 22 23 24 25
26 27 28

This snippet instantiates a TextCalendar object with Sunday as the first day of the week, and then formats the month of February 2023 accordingly with the formatmonth() method.

Method 3: Using calendar.HTMLCalendar

For users who want to print a calendar in a format that can be easily embedded into a web page, the HTMLCalendar class within the calendar module is ideal as it outputs an HTML formatted calendar.

Here’s an example:

import calendar

html_calendar = calendar.HTMLCalendar(calendar.SUNDAY)
print(html_calendar.formatmonth(2023, 2))

Output:

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="month">
...
</table>

Here, an HTMLCalendar instance is created and the formatmonth() method is used to create the HTML code for the February 2023 calendar.

Method 4: Using pandas Library

If you’re working with data analysis in Python, you might already have the pandas library installed. It has powerful date and time features that can be used to construct a calendar.

Here’s an example:

import pandas as pd

# Define the year and month
year = 2023
month = 2

# Create a date range for the month
date_range = pd.date_range(f"{year}-{month}-01", f"{year}-{month}-28")

# Print the calendar
for date in date_range:
    print(date.strftime("%A %d. %B %Y"))

The above code creates a date range for the specified month and year and then iterates over it, printing each date according to the specified format.

Bonus One-Liner Method 5: Command Line cal Utility

For Unix-based systems, you might want to integrate Python with the command-line tool cal to print a simple calendar. Using Python’s os module, you can access system-level operations.

Here’s an example:

import os

os.system('cal 2 2023')

Output:

   February 2023      
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  
          1  2  3  4  
 5  6  7  8  9 10 11  
12 13 14 15 16 17 18  
19 20 21 22 23 24 25  
26 27 28

This one-liner calls the Unix cal command with arguments representing the month and year, which prints the calendar for February 2023 to the terminal.

Summary/Discussion

  • Method 1: Using calendar Module. Simple and straightforward, but lacks customization options. Ideal for quickly viewing a calendar in text format.
  • Method 2: Using calendar.TextCalendar. Offers more formatting control and customization options than the basic calendar module method. Best used when the start day must be specific.
  • Method 3: Using calendar.HTMLCalendar. This is the best method for web applications as it provides an HTML output that can be directly embedded into web pages.
  • Method 4: Using pandas Library. Most practical for data-centric projects. However, it can be overkill for simple calendar printing needs and requires an external library.
  • Method 5: Command Line cal Utility. Quick and easy to use, but it’s platform-dependent and less portable across operating systems.
import calendar

html_calendar = calendar.HTMLCalendar(calendar.SUNDAY)
print(html_calendar.formatmonth(2023, 2))

Output:

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="month">
...
</table>

Here, an HTMLCalendar instance is created and the formatmonth() method is used to create the HTML code for the February 2023 calendar.

Method 4: Using pandas Library

If you’re working with data analysis in Python, you might already have the pandas library installed. It has powerful date and time features that can be used to construct a calendar.

Here’s an example:

import pandas as pd

# Define the year and month
year = 2023
month = 2

# Create a date range for the month
date_range = pd.date_range(f"{year}-{month}-01", f"{year}-{month}-28")

# Print the calendar
for date in date_range:
    print(date.strftime("%A %d. %B %Y"))

The above code creates a date range for the specified month and year and then iterates over it, printing each date according to the specified format.

Bonus One-Liner Method 5: Command Line cal Utility

For Unix-based systems, you might want to integrate Python with the command-line tool cal to print a simple calendar. Using Python’s os module, you can access system-level operations.

Here’s an example:

import os

os.system('cal 2 2023')

Output:

   February 2023      
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  
          1  2  3  4  
 5  6  7  8  9 10 11  
12 13 14 15 16 17 18  
19 20 21 22 23 24 25  
26 27 28

This one-liner calls the Unix cal command with arguments representing the month and year, which prints the calendar for February 2023 to the terminal.

Summary/Discussion

  • Method 1: Using calendar Module. Simple and straightforward, but lacks customization options. Ideal for quickly viewing a calendar in text format.
  • Method 2: Using calendar.TextCalendar. Offers more formatting control and customization options than the basic calendar module method. Best used when the start day must be specific.
  • Method 3: Using calendar.HTMLCalendar. This is the best method for web applications as it provides an HTML output that can be directly embedded into web pages.
  • Method 4: Using pandas Library. Most practical for data-centric projects. However, it can be overkill for simple calendar printing needs and requires an external library.
  • Method 5: Command Line cal Utility. Quick and easy to use, but it’s platform-dependent and less portable across operating systems.
import calendar

cal = calendar.TextCalendar(calendar.SUNDAY)
print(cal.formatmonth(2023, 2))

Output:

   February 2023
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
          1  2  3  4
 5  6  7  8  9 10 11
12 13 14 15 16 17 18
19 20 21 22 23 24 25
26 27 28

This snippet instantiates a TextCalendar object with Sunday as the first day of the week, and then formats the month of February 2023 accordingly with the formatmonth() method.

Method 3: Using calendar.HTMLCalendar

For users who want to print a calendar in a format that can be easily embedded into a web page, the HTMLCalendar class within the calendar module is ideal as it outputs an HTML formatted calendar.

Here’s an example:

import calendar

html_calendar = calendar.HTMLCalendar(calendar.SUNDAY)
print(html_calendar.formatmonth(2023, 2))

Output:

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="month">
...
</table>

Here, an HTMLCalendar instance is created and the formatmonth() method is used to create the HTML code for the February 2023 calendar.

Method 4: Using pandas Library

If you’re working with data analysis in Python, you might already have the pandas library installed. It has powerful date and time features that can be used to construct a calendar.

Here’s an example:

import pandas as pd

# Define the year and month
year = 2023
month = 2

# Create a date range for the month
date_range = pd.date_range(f"{year}-{month}-01", f"{year}-{month}-28")

# Print the calendar
for date in date_range:
    print(date.strftime("%A %d. %B %Y"))

The above code creates a date range for the specified month and year and then iterates over it, printing each date according to the specified format.

Bonus One-Liner Method 5: Command Line cal Utility

For Unix-based systems, you might want to integrate Python with the command-line tool cal to print a simple calendar. Using Python’s os module, you can access system-level operations.

Here’s an example:

import os

os.system('cal 2 2023')

Output:

   February 2023      
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  
          1  2  3  4  
 5  6  7  8  9 10 11  
12 13 14 15 16 17 18  
19 20 21 22 23 24 25  
26 27 28

This one-liner calls the Unix cal command with arguments representing the month and year, which prints the calendar for February 2023 to the terminal.

Summary/Discussion

  • Method 1: Using calendar Module. Simple and straightforward, but lacks customization options. Ideal for quickly viewing a calendar in text format.
  • Method 2: Using calendar.TextCalendar. Offers more formatting control and customization options than the basic calendar module method. Best used when the start day must be specific.
  • Method 3: Using calendar.HTMLCalendar. This is the best method for web applications as it provides an HTML output that can be directly embedded into web pages.
  • Method 4: Using pandas Library. Most practical for data-centric projects. However, it can be overkill for simple calendar printing needs and requires an external library.
  • Method 5: Command Line cal Utility. Quick and easy to use, but it’s platform-dependent and less portable across operating systems.
import calendar

year = 2023
month = 2
print(calendar.month(year, month))

Output:

   February 2023
Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su
       1  2  3  4  5
 6  7  8  9 10 11 12
13 14 15 16 17 18 19
20 21 22 23 24 25 26
27 28

The code imports the calendar module and then calls the month() function with the specified year and month inputs to print a text-formatted calendar for that month.

Method 2: Using calendar.TextCalendar

Another approach within the calendar module is leveraging the TextCalendar class, which provides more control over the formatting of the calendar, like altering the first weekday.

Here’s an example:

import calendar

cal = calendar.TextCalendar(calendar.SUNDAY)
print(cal.formatmonth(2023, 2))

Output:

   February 2023
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
          1  2  3  4
 5  6  7  8  9 10 11
12 13 14 15 16 17 18
19 20 21 22 23 24 25
26 27 28

This snippet instantiates a TextCalendar object with Sunday as the first day of the week, and then formats the month of February 2023 accordingly with the formatmonth() method.

Method 3: Using calendar.HTMLCalendar

For users who want to print a calendar in a format that can be easily embedded into a web page, the HTMLCalendar class within the calendar module is ideal as it outputs an HTML formatted calendar.

Here’s an example:

import calendar

html_calendar = calendar.HTMLCalendar(calendar.SUNDAY)
print(html_calendar.formatmonth(2023, 2))

Output:

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="month">
...
</table>

Here, an HTMLCalendar instance is created and the formatmonth() method is used to create the HTML code for the February 2023 calendar.

Method 4: Using pandas Library

If you’re working with data analysis in Python, you might already have the pandas library installed. It has powerful date and time features that can be used to construct a calendar.

Here’s an example:

import pandas as pd

# Define the year and month
year = 2023
month = 2

# Create a date range for the month
date_range = pd.date_range(f"{year}-{month}-01", f"{year}-{month}-28")

# Print the calendar
for date in date_range:
    print(date.strftime("%A %d. %B %Y"))

The above code creates a date range for the specified month and year and then iterates over it, printing each date according to the specified format.

Bonus One-Liner Method 5: Command Line cal Utility

For Unix-based systems, you might want to integrate Python with the command-line tool cal to print a simple calendar. Using Python’s os module, you can access system-level operations.

Here’s an example:

import os

os.system('cal 2 2023')

Output:

   February 2023      
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  
          1  2  3  4  
 5  6  7  8  9 10 11  
12 13 14 15 16 17 18  
19 20 21 22 23 24 25  
26 27 28

This one-liner calls the Unix cal command with arguments representing the month and year, which prints the calendar for February 2023 to the terminal.

Summary/Discussion

  • Method 1: Using calendar Module. Simple and straightforward, but lacks customization options. Ideal for quickly viewing a calendar in text format.
  • Method 2: Using calendar.TextCalendar. Offers more formatting control and customization options than the basic calendar module method. Best used when the start day must be specific.
  • Method 3: Using calendar.HTMLCalendar. This is the best method for web applications as it provides an HTML output that can be directly embedded into web pages.
  • Method 4: Using pandas Library. Most practical for data-centric projects. However, it can be overkill for simple calendar printing needs and requires an external library.
  • Method 5: Command Line cal Utility. Quick and easy to use, but it’s platform-dependent and less portable across operating systems.
import pandas as pd

# Define the year and month
year = 2023
month = 2

# Create a date range for the month
date_range = pd.date_range(f"{year}-{month}-01", f"{year}-{month}-28")

# Print the calendar
for date in date_range:
    print(date.strftime("%A %d. %B %Y"))

The above code creates a date range for the specified month and year and then iterates over it, printing each date according to the specified format.

Bonus One-Liner Method 5: Command Line cal Utility

For Unix-based systems, you might want to integrate Python with the command-line tool cal to print a simple calendar. Using Python’s os module, you can access system-level operations.

Here’s an example:

import os

os.system('cal 2 2023')

Output:

   February 2023      
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  
          1  2  3  4  
 5  6  7  8  9 10 11  
12 13 14 15 16 17 18  
19 20 21 22 23 24 25  
26 27 28

This one-liner calls the Unix cal command with arguments representing the month and year, which prints the calendar for February 2023 to the terminal.

Summary/Discussion

  • Method 1: Using calendar Module. Simple and straightforward, but lacks customization options. Ideal for quickly viewing a calendar in text format.
  • Method 2: Using calendar.TextCalendar. Offers more formatting control and customization options than the basic calendar module method. Best used when the start day must be specific.
  • Method 3: Using calendar.HTMLCalendar. This is the best method for web applications as it provides an HTML output that can be directly embedded into web pages.
  • Method 4: Using pandas Library. Most practical for data-centric projects. However, it can be overkill for simple calendar printing needs and requires an external library.
  • Method 5: Command Line cal Utility. Quick and easy to use, but it’s platform-dependent and less portable across operating systems.
import calendar

html_calendar = calendar.HTMLCalendar(calendar.SUNDAY)
print(html_calendar.formatmonth(2023, 2))

Output:

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="month">
...
</table>

Here, an HTMLCalendar instance is created and the formatmonth() method is used to create the HTML code for the February 2023 calendar.

Method 4: Using pandas Library

If you’re working with data analysis in Python, you might already have the pandas library installed. It has powerful date and time features that can be used to construct a calendar.

Here’s an example:

import pandas as pd

# Define the year and month
year = 2023
month = 2

# Create a date range for the month
date_range = pd.date_range(f"{year}-{month}-01", f"{year}-{month}-28")

# Print the calendar
for date in date_range:
    print(date.strftime("%A %d. %B %Y"))

The above code creates a date range for the specified month and year and then iterates over it, printing each date according to the specified format.

Bonus One-Liner Method 5: Command Line cal Utility

For Unix-based systems, you might want to integrate Python with the command-line tool cal to print a simple calendar. Using Python’s os module, you can access system-level operations.

Here’s an example:

import os

os.system('cal 2 2023')

Output:

   February 2023      
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  
          1  2  3  4  
 5  6  7  8  9 10 11  
12 13 14 15 16 17 18  
19 20 21 22 23 24 25  
26 27 28

This one-liner calls the Unix cal command with arguments representing the month and year, which prints the calendar for February 2023 to the terminal.

Summary/Discussion

  • Method 1: Using calendar Module. Simple and straightforward, but lacks customization options. Ideal for quickly viewing a calendar in text format.
  • Method 2: Using calendar.TextCalendar. Offers more formatting control and customization options than the basic calendar module method. Best used when the start day must be specific.
  • Method 3: Using calendar.HTMLCalendar. This is the best method for web applications as it provides an HTML output that can be directly embedded into web pages.
  • Method 4: Using pandas Library. Most practical for data-centric projects. However, it can be overkill for simple calendar printing needs and requires an external library.
  • Method 5: Command Line cal Utility. Quick and easy to use, but it’s platform-dependent and less portable across operating systems.
import calendar

cal = calendar.TextCalendar(calendar.SUNDAY)
print(cal.formatmonth(2023, 2))

Output:

   February 2023
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
          1  2  3  4
 5  6  7  8  9 10 11
12 13 14 15 16 17 18
19 20 21 22 23 24 25
26 27 28

This snippet instantiates a TextCalendar object with Sunday as the first day of the week, and then formats the month of February 2023 accordingly with the formatmonth() method.

Method 3: Using calendar.HTMLCalendar

For users who want to print a calendar in a format that can be easily embedded into a web page, the HTMLCalendar class within the calendar module is ideal as it outputs an HTML formatted calendar.

Here’s an example:

import calendar

html_calendar = calendar.HTMLCalendar(calendar.SUNDAY)
print(html_calendar.formatmonth(2023, 2))

Output:

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="month">
...
</table>

Here, an HTMLCalendar instance is created and the formatmonth() method is used to create the HTML code for the February 2023 calendar.

Method 4: Using pandas Library

If you’re working with data analysis in Python, you might already have the pandas library installed. It has powerful date and time features that can be used to construct a calendar.

Here’s an example:

import pandas as pd

# Define the year and month
year = 2023
month = 2

# Create a date range for the month
date_range = pd.date_range(f"{year}-{month}-01", f"{year}-{month}-28")

# Print the calendar
for date in date_range:
    print(date.strftime("%A %d. %B %Y"))

The above code creates a date range for the specified month and year and then iterates over it, printing each date according to the specified format.

Bonus One-Liner Method 5: Command Line cal Utility

For Unix-based systems, you might want to integrate Python with the command-line tool cal to print a simple calendar. Using Python’s os module, you can access system-level operations.

Here’s an example:

import os

os.system('cal 2 2023')

Output:

   February 2023      
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  
          1  2  3  4  
 5  6  7  8  9 10 11  
12 13 14 15 16 17 18  
19 20 21 22 23 24 25  
26 27 28

This one-liner calls the Unix cal command with arguments representing the month and year, which prints the calendar for February 2023 to the terminal.

Summary/Discussion

  • Method 1: Using calendar Module. Simple and straightforward, but lacks customization options. Ideal for quickly viewing a calendar in text format.
  • Method 2: Using calendar.TextCalendar. Offers more formatting control and customization options than the basic calendar module method. Best used when the start day must be specific.
  • Method 3: Using calendar.HTMLCalendar. This is the best method for web applications as it provides an HTML output that can be directly embedded into web pages.
  • Method 4: Using pandas Library. Most practical for data-centric projects. However, it can be overkill for simple calendar printing needs and requires an external library.
  • Method 5: Command Line cal Utility. Quick and easy to use, but it’s platform-dependent and less portable across operating systems.
import calendar

year = 2023
month = 2
print(calendar.month(year, month))

Output:

   February 2023
Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su
       1  2  3  4  5
 6  7  8  9 10 11 12
13 14 15 16 17 18 19
20 21 22 23 24 25 26
27 28

The code imports the calendar module and then calls the month() function with the specified year and month inputs to print a text-formatted calendar for that month.

Method 2: Using calendar.TextCalendar

Another approach within the calendar module is leveraging the TextCalendar class, which provides more control over the formatting of the calendar, like altering the first weekday.

Here’s an example:

import calendar

cal = calendar.TextCalendar(calendar.SUNDAY)
print(cal.formatmonth(2023, 2))

Output:

   February 2023
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
          1  2  3  4
 5  6  7  8  9 10 11
12 13 14 15 16 17 18
19 20 21 22 23 24 25
26 27 28

This snippet instantiates a TextCalendar object with Sunday as the first day of the week, and then formats the month of February 2023 accordingly with the formatmonth() method.

Method 3: Using calendar.HTMLCalendar

For users who want to print a calendar in a format that can be easily embedded into a web page, the HTMLCalendar class within the calendar module is ideal as it outputs an HTML formatted calendar.

Here’s an example:

import calendar

html_calendar = calendar.HTMLCalendar(calendar.SUNDAY)
print(html_calendar.formatmonth(2023, 2))

Output:

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="month">
...
</table>

Here, an HTMLCalendar instance is created and the formatmonth() method is used to create the HTML code for the February 2023 calendar.

Method 4: Using pandas Library

If you’re working with data analysis in Python, you might already have the pandas library installed. It has powerful date and time features that can be used to construct a calendar.

Here’s an example:

import pandas as pd

# Define the year and month
year = 2023
month = 2

# Create a date range for the month
date_range = pd.date_range(f"{year}-{month}-01", f"{year}-{month}-28")

# Print the calendar
for date in date_range:
    print(date.strftime("%A %d. %B %Y"))

The above code creates a date range for the specified month and year and then iterates over it, printing each date according to the specified format.

Bonus One-Liner Method 5: Command Line cal Utility

For Unix-based systems, you might want to integrate Python with the command-line tool cal to print a simple calendar. Using Python’s os module, you can access system-level operations.

Here’s an example:

import os

os.system('cal 2 2023')

Output:

   February 2023      
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  
          1  2  3  4  
 5  6  7  8  9 10 11  
12 13 14 15 16 17 18  
19 20 21 22 23 24 25  
26 27 28

This one-liner calls the Unix cal command with arguments representing the month and year, which prints the calendar for February 2023 to the terminal.

Summary/Discussion

  • Method 1: Using calendar Module. Simple and straightforward, but lacks customization options. Ideal for quickly viewing a calendar in text format.
  • Method 2: Using calendar.TextCalendar. Offers more formatting control and customization options than the basic calendar module method. Best used when the start day must be specific.
  • Method 3: Using calendar.HTMLCalendar. This is the best method for web applications as it provides an HTML output that can be directly embedded into web pages.
  • Method 4: Using pandas Library. Most practical for data-centric projects. However, it can be overkill for simple calendar printing needs and requires an external library.
  • Method 5: Command Line cal Utility. Quick and easy to use, but it’s platform-dependent and less portable across operating systems.