Alexa is on the way to lead the next wave of technological disruption. Have you ever asked yourself about the exact steps needed to create an Alexa Skill? And how these steps interplay with each other? To answer these questions, I give you a quick overview of Alexa Skill development in Python. This article serves … Read more
Problem Formulation Given an image stored at image.jpeg, a target width and height in pixels, and a target starting point (upper-left) x and y in the coordinate system. How to crop the given image in Python PIL so that the resulting image has width * height size? Here’s an example of how the original image … Read more
Problem Formulation Given the path to a text file such as /path/to/file.txt. How to read all the content from the file and print it to the Python standard output? Standard File Reading and Printing The standard approach to read the contents from a file and print them to the standard output works in four steps: … Read more
In this article, you’ll learn how to divide a list into equally-sized chunks in Python. Step-by-step, you’ll arrive at the following code to chunk your list into evenly-sized parts: Go ahead and play around with the code yourself but if you need some explanations, read on because I’ll explain it to you in much detail: … Read more
Summary: The error IndentationError: unindent does not match any outer indentation level arises if you use inconsistent indentation of tabs or whitespaces for indented code blocks such as the if block and the for loop. For example, Python will throw an indentation error, if you use a for loop with four whitespace characters indentation for the first line, and one tab character indentation of the second line … Read more
ROT13 is a simple encryption method. It shifts each character of the clear text string 13 positions forward in the alphabet. This Python one-liner does ROT13 encryption for you: Don’t worry if this seems confusing. We’ll explain it all in detail below! Note: the variable cleartxt refers to the string you want to encode. It … Read more
Doesn’t this project sound exciting? Project Goal Project goal: code your own Google Home with Python and learn how to use speech recognition to launch Spotify and play songs! Ever wanted to code a powerful yet simple tool that is more bespoke than mainstream devices? We will learn how to implement it in Python with … Read more
The backslash escape character ‘\’ is a special Python string character that is usually followed by an alphabetic character. For example, the tabular whitespace ‘\t’ and newline ‘\n’. In regular expressions, you can use the single escape to remove the special meaning of regex symbols. For example, to match the dot or asterisk characters ‘.’ … Read more
[toc] Overview Objective: The purpose of this article is to discuss and fix TypeError: ‘module’ object is not callable in Python. We will use numerous illustrations and methods to solve the issue in a simplified way. Example 1: Output: Now, the above output leads us to a few questions. Let us have a look at … Read more
Problem Formulation Say, you’ve written a number of unit tests using the unittest module in Pyhton. How can you disable specific unit tests temporarily? In other words: How to skip a unit test in Python’s unittest module? Example: Given the following three unit tests. How to disable tests 1 and 2? Method 1: Skip Test … Read more
[toc] Problem: There are two similarly-named functions in Python, exit() and sys.exit(). What’s the difference between them, and when should I use one over the other? Introduction In contrast to programming languages like C, there is no main() method in Python. Thus, when we run a program in Python, we essentially execute all the code in the top-level … Read more
Problem Formulation Given a string s. How to get a Boolean value that indicates whether all characters in the string are lowercase? Example: Say, you ask the user for input and you want to check whether all input characters are lowercase for further processing: If the user types in ‘alice’, the function should return True … Read more