How to Print an Integer with Commas as Thousands Separators in Python?

Problem Formulation: Given an integer number. How to convert the integer to a string representation for printing or other use that has thousand separators? Example: Given an integer number 1000000. You want the string representation ‘1,000,000’. Method 1: f-Strings Using the modern f-strings is, in my opinion, the most Pythonic solution to add commas as … Read more

Python set() Function — A Simple Guide with Video

Python’s built-in set() function creates and returns a new set object. A set is an unordered collection of unique elements. Without an argument, set() returns an empty set. With the optional argument, set(iter) initializes the new set with the elements in the iterable. Read more about sets in our full tutorial about Python Sets. Usage … Read more

Linked Lists in Python

In this blog post you will learn how to implement a linked list in Python from scratch. We will understand the internals of linked lists, the computational complexity of using a linked list and some advantages and disadvantages of using a linked list over an array. Introduction Linked list is one of the most fundamental … Read more

Python format() Function: No-BS Guide by Example

The web is filled with shitty tutorials about Python’s formatting feature. At times, it can become really confusing—and it’s hard to see the forest for the trees. In this tutorial, I’ll try to gradually build a basic understanding of the built-in format() function, what it does, and how you can use it to become a … Read more

Python float() Function

Python’s built-in float(value) function converts the argument value to a float number. For example, float(’42’) converts the string value ’42’ into the float number 42.0. Argument value A Python object to be converted into a float number. The value object must have an __float__() method that returns the associated float number—otherwise a ValueError will be … Read more

Python int() Function

Python’s built-in int(value) function converts the argument value to an integer number. For example, int(’42’) converts the string value ’42’ into the integer number 42. The int() function on a float argument rounds down to the closest integer. Argument value A Python object to be converted into an integer number. The value object must have … Read more

How to Remove Everything After the Last Character in a String?

Problem Formulation Given string s, and character c. How to remove all characters in s after the first occurrence of c? Example Given: – string s = ‘hello world’, and – empty space character c = ‘ ‘. Desired result: ‘hello’ Method 1: string.index() + slicing To remove everything after the first occurrence of character … Read more

What is a Hypergraph?

First, let’s have a look at an image—hopefully telling us more than a thousand words: Okay, let’s go back to square one—before you understand hypergraphs, we first need to understand graphs. What Are Graphs? You most likely know graphs. The web graph consists of websites connected via hyperlinks. The websites are graph vertices and the … Read more

How to Install Pandas on PyCharm?

Problem Formulation: Given a PyCharm project. How to install the pandas library in your project within a virtual environment or globally? Solution that always works: Open File > Settings > Project from the PyCharm menu. Select your current project. Click the Python Interpreter tab within your project tab. Click the small + symbol to add … Read more

What is an Array in Computer Science?

In computer science, an array data structure consists of a collection of elements—usually of the same type such as integer or string. Each element is identified by an array index. Arrays are designed to allow extremely efficient access of individual elements by index: runtime complexity is constant with growing array size! The reason is that … Read more

NumPy Average

NumPy is a popular Python library for data science focusing on arrays, vectors, and matrices. It’s at the core of data science and machine learning in Python. In today’s article, you’ll going to master NumPy’s impressive average() function that will be a loyal friend to you when fighting your upcoming data science battles. average(a, axis=None, … Read more