Python is the most popular programming language in the world. The most important data structure in the most important programming language is the list data structure. In this tutorial, you’ll learn how to copy a list of lists. But be careful—simply copying your list may not do what you expected it to do. Let’s dive … Read more
Problem: Given a list of lists representing a data matrix with n rows and m columns. How to sum over the rows of this matrix? In this article, you’re going to learn different ways to accomplish this in Python. Let’s ensure that you’re on the same page. Here’s a graphical representation of the list of … Read more
Problem: Given a list of lists representing a data matrix with n rows and m columns. How to sum over the columns of this matrix? In this article, you’re going to learn different ways to accomplish this in Python. Let’s ensure that you’re on the same page. Here’s a graphical representation of the list of … Read more
Problem: You have a list of lists and you want to calculate the average of the different columns. Example: Given the following list of lists with four rows and three columns. You want to have the average values of the three columns: There are three methods that solve this problem. You can play with them … Read more
What’s the best way to remove duplicates from a Python list of lists? This is a popular coding interview question at Google, Facebook, and Amazon. In this article, I’ll show you how (and why) it works—so keep reading! How to remove all duplicates of a given value in the list? Method 1: Naive Method Algorithm: … Read more
Short answer: To print a list of lists in Python without brackets and aligned columns, use the ”.join() function and a generator expression to fill each string with enough whitespaces so that the columns align: I’ll explain this code (and simpler variants) in the following video: As an exercise, you can also try it yourself … Read more
[20-SEC SUMMARY] Given a list of list stored in variable lst. To flatten a list of lists, use the list comprehension statement [x for l in lst for x in l]. To modify all elements in a list of lists (e.g., increment them by one), use a list comprehension of list comprehensions [[x+1 for x … Read more
If you’re in a hurry, here’s the short answer: Use the list comprehension statement [list(x) for x in tuples] to convert each tuple in tuples to a list. This also works for a list of tuples with a varying number of elements. But there’s more to it, and studying the three main methods to achieve … Read more
If you’re in a hurry, here’s the short answer: use the list comprehension statement [tuple(x) for x in list] to convert each element in your list to a tuple. This works also for list of lists with varying number of elements. But there’s more to it and studying the two main methods to achieve the … Read more
Problem: You’re given a list of lists. Your goal is to convert it into a Pandas Dataframe. Example: Say, you want to compare salary data of different companies and job descriptions. You’ve obtained the following salary data set as a list of list: How can you convert this into a Pandas Dataframe? DataFrame() Solution: The … Read more
For some applications, it’s quite useful to convert a list of lists into a dictionary. Databases: List of list is table where the inner lists are the database rows and you want to assign each row to a primary key in a new dictionary. Spreadsheet: List of list is two-dimensional spreadsheet data and you want … Read more
Say, you want to convert a list of lists lst=[[1, 2], [3, 4]] into a single list [1, 2, 3, 4]. How to achieve this? There are different options: List comprehension [x for l in lst for x in l] assuming you have a list of lists lst. Unpacking [*lst[0], *lst[1]] assuming you have a … Read more