Support Vector Machines (SVM) have gained huge popularity in recent years. The reason is their robust classification performance – even in high-dimensional spaces: SVMs even work if there are more dimensions (features) than data items. This is unusual for classification algorithms because of the curse of dimensionality – with increasing dimensionality, data becomes extremely sparse … Read more
Problem Formulation Given a Python string s with length k<=n. How to fill the string with n-k empty spaces on the left so that the new string has length n? Here are some examples: INPUT: ‘a’, n = 2 OUTPUT: ‘a ‘ INPUT: ‘hi’, n = 4 OUTPUT: ‘hi ‘ INPUT: ‘hi’, n = 2 … Read more
To end a while loop prematurely in Python, press CTRL-C while your program is stuck in the loop. This will raise a KeyboardInterrupt error that terminates the whole program. To avoid termination, enclose the while loop in a try/except block and catch the KeyboardInterrupt. You can see the idea in the following code snippet: The … Read more
The Python bitwise left-shift operator x << n shifts the binary representation of integer x by n positions to the left. For a positive integer, it inserts a 0 bit on the right and shifts all remaining bits by one position to the left. For example, if you left-shift the binary representation 0101 by one … Read more
?️ Company Tags: Google, Facebook, Amazon Are you gearing up for your coding interview? If your answer is yes, then here’s a very interesting interview question for you. Numerous programmers have claimed that they came across this interview question. Hence, there is a high probability that you might come across it as well in your interview. Will you be able … Read more
The Python bitwise right-shift operator x >> n shifts the binary representation of integer x by n positions to the right. It inserts a 0 bit on the left and removes the right-most bit. For example, if you right-shift the binary representation 0101 by one position, you’d obtain 0010. Semantically, the bitwise right-shift operator is … Read more
Decision Trees are powerful and intuitive tools in your machine learning toolbelt. Decision trees are human-readable – in contrast to most other machine learning techniques. You can easily train a decision tree and show it to your supervisors who do not need to know anything about machine learning in order to understand how your model … Read more
Python’s bitwise NOT operator ~x inverts each bit from the binary representation of integer x so that 0 becomes 1 and 1 becomes 0. This is semantically the same as calculating ~x == -x-1. For example, the bitwise NOT expression ~0 becomes -1, ~9 becomes -10, and ~32 becomes -33. As you go over the … Read more
Problem Formulation Given a NumPy array consisting of Boolean values. How to convert it to an integer array? Convert each True value to integer 1, and Convet each False value to integer 0. Here’s an example Boolean array: What you want is the following integer array: Let’s examine some methods to accomplish this easily. Method … Read more
Problem Formulation Given some data. How to plot the data in the same 2D plot but using two x-axes instead of only one? You want to have on top axis and one bottom axis. You want to be able to customize the ticks and labels of both the top and bottom axis. We use Matplotlib … Read more
Neural Networks have gained massive popularity in the last years. This is not only a result of the improved algorithms and learning techniques in the field but also of the accelerated hardware performance and the rise of General Processing GPU (GPGPU) technology. In this article, you’ll learn about the Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) which is one … Read more
[toc] Introduction Before we get into the detailed comparison between time.clock() vs. time.time(), there are some prerequisites that you need to focus upon. It is important to have knowledge about the various types of time in the computing world. Don’t worry if you don’t have any idea about this; we have got you covered. Execution … Read more