How to Compute the Condition Number of a Matrix Using Infinity Norm in Python

💡 Problem Formulation: In linear algebra, the condition number of a matrix is a measure of the matrix’s sensitivity to numerical errors in solving systems of linear equations. Particularly, using the infinity norm can offer insights into the worst-case scenario of error magnification. Given a matrix A, the task is to calculate its condition number cond(A) via the infinity norm in Python. The input is a 2D array representing the matrix, and the output is a single numeric value – the condition number.

Method 1: Using NumPy and linalg.norm

This method involves leveraging the NumPy library’s linalg.norm function to calculate the infinity norm, and then computing the condition number. The infinity norm, or maximum row sum norm, evaluates the maximum absolute row sum of the matrix.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[7, -2], [-6, 4]])
print(np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf))

The output is:

49.99999999999999

The one-liner directly calculates and prints the condition number using the infinity norm, providing a quick and efficient way to get the result without storing it.

Summary/Discussion

Method 1: NumPy linalg.norm. It leverages a robust library and provides clarity by separating the norm calculations. The downside is the additional lines for the inverse and multiplication.
Method 2: NumPy cond(). This is the most straightforward and concise NumPy-based method. On the flip side, it offers less transparency into the norm calculations compared to Method 1.
Method 3: Custom Infinity Norm Function. This method is great for educational purposes or customized behavior but is less efficient than built-in functions.
Method 4: Functional Programming with NumPy. It provides a compact and elegant solution but might sacrifice some readability for those unfamiliar with functional programming paradigms.
Bonus Method 5: Inline Calculation. This approach is extremely concise, perfect for quick computations or scripting; however, it isn’t suited for complex applications where you need to use the condition number further in the code.

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[2, -1, 0], [0, 2, -1], [0, 0, 2]])
condition_number = np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf)

print(condition_number)

The output is:

4.0

This snippet demonstrates a functional programming style by directly chaining the norm calculations and multiplying them together, avoiding intermediate variable assignments.

Bonus One-Liner Method 5: Inline Calculation

For the most concise approach, combine the condition number calculation into a one-liner.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[7, -2], [-6, 4]])
print(np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf))

The output is:

49.99999999999999

The one-liner directly calculates and prints the condition number using the infinity norm, providing a quick and efficient way to get the result without storing it.

Summary/Discussion

Method 1: NumPy linalg.norm. It leverages a robust library and provides clarity by separating the norm calculations. The downside is the additional lines for the inverse and multiplication.
Method 2: NumPy cond(). This is the most straightforward and concise NumPy-based method. On the flip side, it offers less transparency into the norm calculations compared to Method 1.
Method 3: Custom Infinity Norm Function. This method is great for educational purposes or customized behavior but is less efficient than built-in functions.
Method 4: Functional Programming with NumPy. It provides a compact and elegant solution but might sacrifice some readability for those unfamiliar with functional programming paradigms.
Bonus Method 5: Inline Calculation. This approach is extremely concise, perfect for quick computations or scripting; however, it isn’t suited for complex applications where you need to use the condition number further in the code.

import numpy as np

def infinity_norm(matrix):
    return max(np.sum(np.abs(matrix), axis=1))

A = np.array([[3, -1, 4], [-1, 5, -9], [2, -6, 5]])
norm_A = infinity_norm(A)
norm_A_inv = infinity_norm(np.linalg.inv(A))
condition_number = norm_A * norm_A_inv

print(condition_number)

The output is:

12.800000000000004

This code defines a function infinity_norm() that calculates the infinity norm manually. The condition number is then the product of the norms of the matrix and its inverse, calculated using this function.

Method 4: Combining NumPy with Functional Programming

Combining NumPy with Python’s functional programming capabilities can create a compact and efficient solution.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[2, -1, 0], [0, 2, -1], [0, 0, 2]])
condition_number = np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf)

print(condition_number)

The output is:

4.0

This snippet demonstrates a functional programming style by directly chaining the norm calculations and multiplying them together, avoiding intermediate variable assignments.

Bonus One-Liner Method 5: Inline Calculation

For the most concise approach, combine the condition number calculation into a one-liner.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[7, -2], [-6, 4]])
print(np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf))

The output is:

49.99999999999999

The one-liner directly calculates and prints the condition number using the infinity norm, providing a quick and efficient way to get the result without storing it.

Summary/Discussion

Method 1: NumPy linalg.norm. It leverages a robust library and provides clarity by separating the norm calculations. The downside is the additional lines for the inverse and multiplication.
Method 2: NumPy cond(). This is the most straightforward and concise NumPy-based method. On the flip side, it offers less transparency into the norm calculations compared to Method 1.
Method 3: Custom Infinity Norm Function. This method is great for educational purposes or customized behavior but is less efficient than built-in functions.
Method 4: Functional Programming with NumPy. It provides a compact and elegant solution but might sacrifice some readability for those unfamiliar with functional programming paradigms.
Bonus Method 5: Inline Calculation. This approach is extremely concise, perfect for quick computations or scripting; however, it isn’t suited for complex applications where you need to use the condition number further in the code.

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [0, 4, 5], [1, 0, 6]])
condition_number = np.linalg.cond(A, p=np.inf)

print(condition_number)

The output is:

12.0

This code uses NumPy’s cond() function to directly compute the condition number of matrix A using the infinity norm. This method is straightforward and concise.

Method 3: Custom Infinity Norm Function

If you need more control, you can write a custom function to compute the infinity norm and, subsequently, the condition number.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

def infinity_norm(matrix):
    return max(np.sum(np.abs(matrix), axis=1))

A = np.array([[3, -1, 4], [-1, 5, -9], [2, -6, 5]])
norm_A = infinity_norm(A)
norm_A_inv = infinity_norm(np.linalg.inv(A))
condition_number = norm_A * norm_A_inv

print(condition_number)

The output is:

12.800000000000004

Method 4: Combining NumPy with Functional Programming

Combining NumPy with Python’s functional programming capabilities can create a compact and efficient solution.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[2, -1, 0], [0, 2, -1], [0, 0, 2]])
condition_number = np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf)

print(condition_number)

The output is:

4.0

This snippet demonstrates a functional programming style by directly chaining the norm calculations and multiplying them together, avoiding intermediate variable assignments.

Bonus One-Liner Method 5: Inline Calculation

For the most concise approach, combine the condition number calculation into a one-liner.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[7, -2], [-6, 4]])
print(np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf))

The output is:

49.99999999999999

The one-liner directly calculates and prints the condition number using the infinity norm, providing a quick and efficient way to get the result without storing it.

Summary/Discussion

Method 1: NumPy linalg.norm. It leverages a robust library and provides clarity by separating the norm calculations. The downside is the additional lines for the inverse and multiplication.
Method 2: NumPy cond(). This is the most straightforward and concise NumPy-based method. On the flip side, it offers less transparency into the norm calculations compared to Method 1.
Method 3: Custom Infinity Norm Function. This method is great for educational purposes or customized behavior but is less efficient than built-in functions.
Method 4: Functional Programming with NumPy. It provides a compact and elegant solution but might sacrifice some readability for those unfamiliar with functional programming paradigms.
Bonus Method 5: Inline Calculation. This approach is extremely concise, perfect for quick computations or scripting; however, it isn’t suited for complex applications where you need to use the condition number further in the code.

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]])
inf_norm_A = np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf)
inf_norm_A_inv = np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf)
condition_number = inf_norm_A * inf_norm_A_inv

print(condition_number)

The output will approximate the condition number:

6.0131073525371694e+17

In this snippet, we first import NumPy, define the matrix A, and then compute its infinity norm. We also calculate the infinity norm of its inverse. Multiplying these two norms gives the condition number.

Method 2: Direct Calculation Using NumPy

A more direct approach is to use NumPy’s cond() function specifying p=np.inf to compute the condition number with infinity norm directly.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [0, 4, 5], [1, 0, 6]])
condition_number = np.linalg.cond(A, p=np.inf)

print(condition_number)

The output is:

12.0

This code uses NumPy’s cond() function to directly compute the condition number of matrix A using the infinity norm. This method is straightforward and concise.

Method 3: Custom Infinity Norm Function

If you need more control, you can write a custom function to compute the infinity norm and, subsequently, the condition number.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

def infinity_norm(matrix):
    return max(np.sum(np.abs(matrix), axis=1))

A = np.array([[3, -1, 4], [-1, 5, -9], [2, -6, 5]])
norm_A = infinity_norm(A)
norm_A_inv = infinity_norm(np.linalg.inv(A))
condition_number = norm_A * norm_A_inv

print(condition_number)

The output is:

12.800000000000004

Method 4: Combining NumPy with Functional Programming

Combining NumPy with Python’s functional programming capabilities can create a compact and efficient solution.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[2, -1, 0], [0, 2, -1], [0, 0, 2]])
condition_number = np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf)

print(condition_number)

The output is:

4.0

This snippet demonstrates a functional programming style by directly chaining the norm calculations and multiplying them together, avoiding intermediate variable assignments.

Bonus One-Liner Method 5: Inline Calculation

For the most concise approach, combine the condition number calculation into a one-liner.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[7, -2], [-6, 4]])
print(np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf))

The output is:

49.99999999999999

The one-liner directly calculates and prints the condition number using the infinity norm, providing a quick and efficient way to get the result without storing it.

Summary/Discussion

Method 1: NumPy linalg.norm. It leverages a robust library and provides clarity by separating the norm calculations. The downside is the additional lines for the inverse and multiplication.
Method 2: NumPy cond(). This is the most straightforward and concise NumPy-based method. On the flip side, it offers less transparency into the norm calculations compared to Method 1.
Method 3: Custom Infinity Norm Function. This method is great for educational purposes or customized behavior but is less efficient than built-in functions.
Method 4: Functional Programming with NumPy. It provides a compact and elegant solution but might sacrifice some readability for those unfamiliar with functional programming paradigms.
Bonus Method 5: Inline Calculation. This approach is extremely concise, perfect for quick computations or scripting; however, it isn’t suited for complex applications where you need to use the condition number further in the code.

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[2, -1, 0], [0, 2, -1], [0, 0, 2]])
condition_number = np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf)

print(condition_number)

The output is:

4.0

This snippet demonstrates a functional programming style by directly chaining the norm calculations and multiplying them together, avoiding intermediate variable assignments.

Bonus One-Liner Method 5: Inline Calculation

For the most concise approach, combine the condition number calculation into a one-liner.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[7, -2], [-6, 4]])
print(np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf))

The output is:

49.99999999999999

The one-liner directly calculates and prints the condition number using the infinity norm, providing a quick and efficient way to get the result without storing it.

Summary/Discussion

Method 1: NumPy linalg.norm. It leverages a robust library and provides clarity by separating the norm calculations. The downside is the additional lines for the inverse and multiplication.
Method 2: NumPy cond(). This is the most straightforward and concise NumPy-based method. On the flip side, it offers less transparency into the norm calculations compared to Method 1.
Method 3: Custom Infinity Norm Function. This method is great for educational purposes or customized behavior but is less efficient than built-in functions.
Method 4: Functional Programming with NumPy. It provides a compact and elegant solution but might sacrifice some readability for those unfamiliar with functional programming paradigms.
Bonus Method 5: Inline Calculation. This approach is extremely concise, perfect for quick computations or scripting; however, it isn’t suited for complex applications where you need to use the condition number further in the code.

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]])
inf_norm_A = np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf)
inf_norm_A_inv = np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf)
condition_number = inf_norm_A * inf_norm_A_inv

print(condition_number)

The output will approximate the condition number:

6.0131073525371694e+17

Method 2: Direct Calculation Using NumPy

A more direct approach is to use NumPy’s cond() function specifying p=np.inf to compute the condition number with infinity norm directly.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [0, 4, 5], [1, 0, 6]])
condition_number = np.linalg.cond(A, p=np.inf)

print(condition_number)

The output is:

12.0

This code uses NumPy’s cond() function to directly compute the condition number of matrix A using the infinity norm. This method is straightforward and concise.

Method 3: Custom Infinity Norm Function

If you need more control, you can write a custom function to compute the infinity norm and, subsequently, the condition number.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

def infinity_norm(matrix):
    return max(np.sum(np.abs(matrix), axis=1))

A = np.array([[3, -1, 4], [-1, 5, -9], [2, -6, 5]])
norm_A = infinity_norm(A)
norm_A_inv = infinity_norm(np.linalg.inv(A))
condition_number = norm_A * norm_A_inv

print(condition_number)

The output is:

12.800000000000004

Method 4: Combining NumPy with Functional Programming

Combining NumPy with Python’s functional programming capabilities can create a compact and efficient solution.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[2, -1, 0], [0, 2, -1], [0, 0, 2]])
condition_number = np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf)

print(condition_number)

The output is:

4.0

This snippet demonstrates a functional programming style by directly chaining the norm calculations and multiplying them together, avoiding intermediate variable assignments.

Bonus One-Liner Method 5: Inline Calculation

For the most concise approach, combine the condition number calculation into a one-liner.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[7, -2], [-6, 4]])
print(np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf))

The output is:

49.99999999999999

The one-liner directly calculates and prints the condition number using the infinity norm, providing a quick and efficient way to get the result without storing it.

Summary/Discussion

Method 1: NumPy linalg.norm. It leverages a robust library and provides clarity by separating the norm calculations. The downside is the additional lines for the inverse and multiplication.
Method 2: NumPy cond(). This is the most straightforward and concise NumPy-based method. On the flip side, it offers less transparency into the norm calculations compared to Method 1.
Method 3: Custom Infinity Norm Function. This method is great for educational purposes or customized behavior but is less efficient than built-in functions.
Method 4: Functional Programming with NumPy. It provides a compact and elegant solution but might sacrifice some readability for those unfamiliar with functional programming paradigms.
Bonus Method 5: Inline Calculation. This approach is extremely concise, perfect for quick computations or scripting; however, it isn’t suited for complex applications where you need to use the condition number further in the code.

import numpy as np

def infinity_norm(matrix):
    return max(np.sum(np.abs(matrix), axis=1))

A = np.array([[3, -1, 4], [-1, 5, -9], [2, -6, 5]])
norm_A = infinity_norm(A)
norm_A_inv = infinity_norm(np.linalg.inv(A))
condition_number = norm_A * norm_A_inv

print(condition_number)

The output is:

12.800000000000004

Method 4: Combining NumPy with Functional Programming

Combining NumPy with Python’s functional programming capabilities can create a compact and efficient solution.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[2, -1, 0], [0, 2, -1], [0, 0, 2]])
condition_number = np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf)

print(condition_number)

The output is:

4.0

This snippet demonstrates a functional programming style by directly chaining the norm calculations and multiplying them together, avoiding intermediate variable assignments.

Bonus One-Liner Method 5: Inline Calculation

For the most concise approach, combine the condition number calculation into a one-liner.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[7, -2], [-6, 4]])
print(np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf))

The output is:

49.99999999999999

The one-liner directly calculates and prints the condition number using the infinity norm, providing a quick and efficient way to get the result without storing it.

Summary/Discussion

Method 1: NumPy linalg.norm. It leverages a robust library and provides clarity by separating the norm calculations. The downside is the additional lines for the inverse and multiplication.
Method 2: NumPy cond(). This is the most straightforward and concise NumPy-based method. On the flip side, it offers less transparency into the norm calculations compared to Method 1.
Method 3: Custom Infinity Norm Function. This method is great for educational purposes or customized behavior but is less efficient than built-in functions.
Method 4: Functional Programming with NumPy. It provides a compact and elegant solution but might sacrifice some readability for those unfamiliar with functional programming paradigms.
Bonus Method 5: Inline Calculation. This approach is extremely concise, perfect for quick computations or scripting; however, it isn’t suited for complex applications where you need to use the condition number further in the code.

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]])
inf_norm_A = np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf)
inf_norm_A_inv = np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf)
condition_number = inf_norm_A * inf_norm_A_inv

print(condition_number)

The output will approximate the condition number:

6.0131073525371694e+17

Method 2: Direct Calculation Using NumPy

A more direct approach is to use NumPy’s cond() function specifying p=np.inf to compute the condition number with infinity norm directly.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [0, 4, 5], [1, 0, 6]])
condition_number = np.linalg.cond(A, p=np.inf)

print(condition_number)

The output is:

12.0

This code uses NumPy’s cond() function to directly compute the condition number of matrix A using the infinity norm. This method is straightforward and concise.

Method 3: Custom Infinity Norm Function

If you need more control, you can write a custom function to compute the infinity norm and, subsequently, the condition number.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

def infinity_norm(matrix):
    return max(np.sum(np.abs(matrix), axis=1))

A = np.array([[3, -1, 4], [-1, 5, -9], [2, -6, 5]])
norm_A = infinity_norm(A)
norm_A_inv = infinity_norm(np.linalg.inv(A))
condition_number = norm_A * norm_A_inv

print(condition_number)

The output is:

12.800000000000004

Method 4: Combining NumPy with Functional Programming

Combining NumPy with Python’s functional programming capabilities can create a compact and efficient solution.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[2, -1, 0], [0, 2, -1], [0, 0, 2]])
condition_number = np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf)

print(condition_number)

The output is:

4.0

This snippet demonstrates a functional programming style by directly chaining the norm calculations and multiplying them together, avoiding intermediate variable assignments.

Bonus One-Liner Method 5: Inline Calculation

For the most concise approach, combine the condition number calculation into a one-liner.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[7, -2], [-6, 4]])
print(np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf))

The output is:

49.99999999999999

The one-liner directly calculates and prints the condition number using the infinity norm, providing a quick and efficient way to get the result without storing it.

Summary/Discussion

Method 1: NumPy linalg.norm. It leverages a robust library and provides clarity by separating the norm calculations. The downside is the additional lines for the inverse and multiplication.
Method 2: NumPy cond(). This is the most straightforward and concise NumPy-based method. On the flip side, it offers less transparency into the norm calculations compared to Method 1.
Method 3: Custom Infinity Norm Function. This method is great for educational purposes or customized behavior but is less efficient than built-in functions.
Method 4: Functional Programming with NumPy. It provides a compact and elegant solution but might sacrifice some readability for those unfamiliar with functional programming paradigms.
Bonus Method 5: Inline Calculation. This approach is extremely concise, perfect for quick computations or scripting; however, it isn’t suited for complex applications where you need to use the condition number further in the code.

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [0, 4, 5], [1, 0, 6]])
condition_number = np.linalg.cond(A, p=np.inf)

print(condition_number)

The output is:

12.0

This code uses NumPy’s cond() function to directly compute the condition number of matrix A using the infinity norm. This method is straightforward and concise.

Method 3: Custom Infinity Norm Function

If you need more control, you can write a custom function to compute the infinity norm and, subsequently, the condition number.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

def infinity_norm(matrix):
    return max(np.sum(np.abs(matrix), axis=1))

A = np.array([[3, -1, 4], [-1, 5, -9], [2, -6, 5]])
norm_A = infinity_norm(A)
norm_A_inv = infinity_norm(np.linalg.inv(A))
condition_number = norm_A * norm_A_inv

print(condition_number)

The output is:

12.800000000000004

Method 4: Combining NumPy with Functional Programming

Combining NumPy with Python’s functional programming capabilities can create a compact and efficient solution.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[2, -1, 0], [0, 2, -1], [0, 0, 2]])
condition_number = np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf)

print(condition_number)

The output is:

4.0

This snippet demonstrates a functional programming style by directly chaining the norm calculations and multiplying them together, avoiding intermediate variable assignments.

Bonus One-Liner Method 5: Inline Calculation

For the most concise approach, combine the condition number calculation into a one-liner.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[7, -2], [-6, 4]])
print(np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf))

The output is:

49.99999999999999

The one-liner directly calculates and prints the condition number using the infinity norm, providing a quick and efficient way to get the result without storing it.

Summary/Discussion

Method 1: NumPy linalg.norm. It leverages a robust library and provides clarity by separating the norm calculations. The downside is the additional lines for the inverse and multiplication.
Method 2: NumPy cond(). This is the most straightforward and concise NumPy-based method. On the flip side, it offers less transparency into the norm calculations compared to Method 1.
Method 3: Custom Infinity Norm Function. This method is great for educational purposes or customized behavior but is less efficient than built-in functions.
Method 4: Functional Programming with NumPy. It provides a compact and elegant solution but might sacrifice some readability for those unfamiliar with functional programming paradigms.
Bonus Method 5: Inline Calculation. This approach is extremely concise, perfect for quick computations or scripting; however, it isn’t suited for complex applications where you need to use the condition number further in the code.

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]])
inf_norm_A = np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf)
inf_norm_A_inv = np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf)
condition_number = inf_norm_A * inf_norm_A_inv

print(condition_number)

The output will approximate the condition number:

6.0131073525371694e+17

Method 2: Direct Calculation Using NumPy

A more direct approach is to use NumPy’s cond() function specifying p=np.inf to compute the condition number with infinity norm directly.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [0, 4, 5], [1, 0, 6]])
condition_number = np.linalg.cond(A, p=np.inf)

print(condition_number)

The output is:

12.0

This code uses NumPy’s cond() function to directly compute the condition number of matrix A using the infinity norm. This method is straightforward and concise.

Method 3: Custom Infinity Norm Function

If you need more control, you can write a custom function to compute the infinity norm and, subsequently, the condition number.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

def infinity_norm(matrix):
    return max(np.sum(np.abs(matrix), axis=1))

A = np.array([[3, -1, 4], [-1, 5, -9], [2, -6, 5]])
norm_A = infinity_norm(A)
norm_A_inv = infinity_norm(np.linalg.inv(A))
condition_number = norm_A * norm_A_inv

print(condition_number)

The output is:

12.800000000000004

Method 4: Combining NumPy with Functional Programming

Combining NumPy with Python’s functional programming capabilities can create a compact and efficient solution.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[2, -1, 0], [0, 2, -1], [0, 0, 2]])
condition_number = np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf)

print(condition_number)

The output is:

4.0

This snippet demonstrates a functional programming style by directly chaining the norm calculations and multiplying them together, avoiding intermediate variable assignments.

Bonus One-Liner Method 5: Inline Calculation

For the most concise approach, combine the condition number calculation into a one-liner.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[7, -2], [-6, 4]])
print(np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf))

The output is:

49.99999999999999

The one-liner directly calculates and prints the condition number using the infinity norm, providing a quick and efficient way to get the result without storing it.

Summary/Discussion

Method 1: NumPy linalg.norm. It leverages a robust library and provides clarity by separating the norm calculations. The downside is the additional lines for the inverse and multiplication.
Method 2: NumPy cond(). This is the most straightforward and concise NumPy-based method. On the flip side, it offers less transparency into the norm calculations compared to Method 1.
Method 3: Custom Infinity Norm Function. This method is great for educational purposes or customized behavior but is less efficient than built-in functions.
Method 4: Functional Programming with NumPy. It provides a compact and elegant solution but might sacrifice some readability for those unfamiliar with functional programming paradigms.
Bonus Method 5: Inline Calculation. This approach is extremely concise, perfect for quick computations or scripting; however, it isn’t suited for complex applications where you need to use the condition number further in the code.

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[2, -1, 0], [0, 2, -1], [0, 0, 2]])
condition_number = np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf)

print(condition_number)

The output is:

4.0

This snippet demonstrates a functional programming style by directly chaining the norm calculations and multiplying them together, avoiding intermediate variable assignments.

Bonus One-Liner Method 5: Inline Calculation

For the most concise approach, combine the condition number calculation into a one-liner.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[7, -2], [-6, 4]])
print(np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf))

The output is:

49.99999999999999

The one-liner directly calculates and prints the condition number using the infinity norm, providing a quick and efficient way to get the result without storing it.

Summary/Discussion

Method 1: NumPy linalg.norm. It leverages a robust library and provides clarity by separating the norm calculations. The downside is the additional lines for the inverse and multiplication.
Method 2: NumPy cond(). This is the most straightforward and concise NumPy-based method. On the flip side, it offers less transparency into the norm calculations compared to Method 1.
Method 3: Custom Infinity Norm Function. This method is great for educational purposes or customized behavior but is less efficient than built-in functions.
Method 4: Functional Programming with NumPy. It provides a compact and elegant solution but might sacrifice some readability for those unfamiliar with functional programming paradigms.
Bonus Method 5: Inline Calculation. This approach is extremely concise, perfect for quick computations or scripting; however, it isn’t suited for complex applications where you need to use the condition number further in the code.

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [0, 4, 5], [1, 0, 6]])
condition_number = np.linalg.cond(A, p=np.inf)

print(condition_number)

The output is:

12.0

This code uses NumPy’s cond() function to directly compute the condition number of matrix A using the infinity norm. This method is straightforward and concise.

Method 3: Custom Infinity Norm Function

If you need more control, you can write a custom function to compute the infinity norm and, subsequently, the condition number.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

def infinity_norm(matrix):
    return max(np.sum(np.abs(matrix), axis=1))

A = np.array([[3, -1, 4], [-1, 5, -9], [2, -6, 5]])
norm_A = infinity_norm(A)
norm_A_inv = infinity_norm(np.linalg.inv(A))
condition_number = norm_A * norm_A_inv

print(condition_number)

The output is:

12.800000000000004

Method 4: Combining NumPy with Functional Programming

Combining NumPy with Python’s functional programming capabilities can create a compact and efficient solution.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[2, -1, 0], [0, 2, -1], [0, 0, 2]])
condition_number = np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf)

print(condition_number)

The output is:

4.0

This snippet demonstrates a functional programming style by directly chaining the norm calculations and multiplying them together, avoiding intermediate variable assignments.

Bonus One-Liner Method 5: Inline Calculation

For the most concise approach, combine the condition number calculation into a one-liner.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[7, -2], [-6, 4]])
print(np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf))

The output is:

49.99999999999999

The one-liner directly calculates and prints the condition number using the infinity norm, providing a quick and efficient way to get the result without storing it.

Summary/Discussion

Method 1: NumPy linalg.norm. It leverages a robust library and provides clarity by separating the norm calculations. The downside is the additional lines for the inverse and multiplication.
Method 2: NumPy cond(). This is the most straightforward and concise NumPy-based method. On the flip side, it offers less transparency into the norm calculations compared to Method 1.
Method 3: Custom Infinity Norm Function. This method is great for educational purposes or customized behavior but is less efficient than built-in functions.
Method 4: Functional Programming with NumPy. It provides a compact and elegant solution but might sacrifice some readability for those unfamiliar with functional programming paradigms.
Bonus Method 5: Inline Calculation. This approach is extremely concise, perfect for quick computations or scripting; however, it isn’t suited for complex applications where you need to use the condition number further in the code.

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]])
inf_norm_A = np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf)
inf_norm_A_inv = np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf)
condition_number = inf_norm_A * inf_norm_A_inv

print(condition_number)

The output will approximate the condition number:

6.0131073525371694e+17

Method 2: Direct Calculation Using NumPy

A more direct approach is to use NumPy’s cond() function specifying p=np.inf to compute the condition number with infinity norm directly.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [0, 4, 5], [1, 0, 6]])
condition_number = np.linalg.cond(A, p=np.inf)

print(condition_number)

The output is:

12.0

This code uses NumPy’s cond() function to directly compute the condition number of matrix A using the infinity norm. This method is straightforward and concise.

Method 3: Custom Infinity Norm Function

If you need more control, you can write a custom function to compute the infinity norm and, subsequently, the condition number.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

def infinity_norm(matrix):
    return max(np.sum(np.abs(matrix), axis=1))

A = np.array([[3, -1, 4], [-1, 5, -9], [2, -6, 5]])
norm_A = infinity_norm(A)
norm_A_inv = infinity_norm(np.linalg.inv(A))
condition_number = norm_A * norm_A_inv

print(condition_number)

The output is:

12.800000000000004

Method 4: Combining NumPy with Functional Programming

Combining NumPy with Python’s functional programming capabilities can create a compact and efficient solution.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[2, -1, 0], [0, 2, -1], [0, 0, 2]])
condition_number = np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf)

print(condition_number)

The output is:

4.0

This snippet demonstrates a functional programming style by directly chaining the norm calculations and multiplying them together, avoiding intermediate variable assignments.

Bonus One-Liner Method 5: Inline Calculation

For the most concise approach, combine the condition number calculation into a one-liner.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[7, -2], [-6, 4]])
print(np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf))

The output is:

49.99999999999999

The one-liner directly calculates and prints the condition number using the infinity norm, providing a quick and efficient way to get the result without storing it.

Summary/Discussion

Method 1: NumPy linalg.norm. It leverages a robust library and provides clarity by separating the norm calculations. The downside is the additional lines for the inverse and multiplication.
Method 2: NumPy cond(). This is the most straightforward and concise NumPy-based method. On the flip side, it offers less transparency into the norm calculations compared to Method 1.
Method 3: Custom Infinity Norm Function. This method is great for educational purposes or customized behavior but is less efficient than built-in functions.
Method 4: Functional Programming with NumPy. It provides a compact and elegant solution but might sacrifice some readability for those unfamiliar with functional programming paradigms.
Bonus Method 5: Inline Calculation. This approach is extremely concise, perfect for quick computations or scripting; however, it isn’t suited for complex applications where you need to use the condition number further in the code.

import numpy as np

def infinity_norm(matrix):
    return max(np.sum(np.abs(matrix), axis=1))

A = np.array([[3, -1, 4], [-1, 5, -9], [2, -6, 5]])
norm_A = infinity_norm(A)
norm_A_inv = infinity_norm(np.linalg.inv(A))
condition_number = norm_A * norm_A_inv

print(condition_number)

The output is:

12.800000000000004

Method 4: Combining NumPy with Functional Programming

Combining NumPy with Python’s functional programming capabilities can create a compact and efficient solution.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[2, -1, 0], [0, 2, -1], [0, 0, 2]])
condition_number = np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf)

print(condition_number)

The output is:

4.0

This snippet demonstrates a functional programming style by directly chaining the norm calculations and multiplying them together, avoiding intermediate variable assignments.

Bonus One-Liner Method 5: Inline Calculation

For the most concise approach, combine the condition number calculation into a one-liner.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[7, -2], [-6, 4]])
print(np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf))

The output is:

49.99999999999999

The one-liner directly calculates and prints the condition number using the infinity norm, providing a quick and efficient way to get the result without storing it.

Summary/Discussion

Method 1: NumPy linalg.norm. It leverages a robust library and provides clarity by separating the norm calculations. The downside is the additional lines for the inverse and multiplication.
Method 2: NumPy cond(). This is the most straightforward and concise NumPy-based method. On the flip side, it offers less transparency into the norm calculations compared to Method 1.
Method 3: Custom Infinity Norm Function. This method is great for educational purposes or customized behavior but is less efficient than built-in functions.
Method 4: Functional Programming with NumPy. It provides a compact and elegant solution but might sacrifice some readability for those unfamiliar with functional programming paradigms.
Bonus Method 5: Inline Calculation. This approach is extremely concise, perfect for quick computations or scripting; however, it isn’t suited for complex applications where you need to use the condition number further in the code.

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [0, 4, 5], [1, 0, 6]])
condition_number = np.linalg.cond(A, p=np.inf)

print(condition_number)

The output is:

12.0

This code uses NumPy’s cond() function to directly compute the condition number of matrix A using the infinity norm. This method is straightforward and concise.

Method 3: Custom Infinity Norm Function

If you need more control, you can write a custom function to compute the infinity norm and, subsequently, the condition number.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

def infinity_norm(matrix):
    return max(np.sum(np.abs(matrix), axis=1))

A = np.array([[3, -1, 4], [-1, 5, -9], [2, -6, 5]])
norm_A = infinity_norm(A)
norm_A_inv = infinity_norm(np.linalg.inv(A))
condition_number = norm_A * norm_A_inv

print(condition_number)

The output is:

12.800000000000004

Method 4: Combining NumPy with Functional Programming

Combining NumPy with Python’s functional programming capabilities can create a compact and efficient solution.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[2, -1, 0], [0, 2, -1], [0, 0, 2]])
condition_number = np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf)

print(condition_number)

The output is:

4.0

This snippet demonstrates a functional programming style by directly chaining the norm calculations and multiplying them together, avoiding intermediate variable assignments.

Bonus One-Liner Method 5: Inline Calculation

For the most concise approach, combine the condition number calculation into a one-liner.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[7, -2], [-6, 4]])
print(np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf))

The output is:

49.99999999999999

The one-liner directly calculates and prints the condition number using the infinity norm, providing a quick and efficient way to get the result without storing it.

Summary/Discussion

Method 1: NumPy linalg.norm. It leverages a robust library and provides clarity by separating the norm calculations. The downside is the additional lines for the inverse and multiplication.
Method 2: NumPy cond(). This is the most straightforward and concise NumPy-based method. On the flip side, it offers less transparency into the norm calculations compared to Method 1.
Method 3: Custom Infinity Norm Function. This method is great for educational purposes or customized behavior but is less efficient than built-in functions.
Method 4: Functional Programming with NumPy. It provides a compact and elegant solution but might sacrifice some readability for those unfamiliar with functional programming paradigms.
Bonus Method 5: Inline Calculation. This approach is extremely concise, perfect for quick computations or scripting; however, it isn’t suited for complex applications where you need to use the condition number further in the code.

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]])
inf_norm_A = np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf)
inf_norm_A_inv = np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf)
condition_number = inf_norm_A * inf_norm_A_inv

print(condition_number)

The output will approximate the condition number:

6.0131073525371694e+17

Method 2: Direct Calculation Using NumPy

A more direct approach is to use NumPy’s cond() function specifying p=np.inf to compute the condition number with infinity norm directly.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [0, 4, 5], [1, 0, 6]])
condition_number = np.linalg.cond(A, p=np.inf)

print(condition_number)

The output is:

12.0

This code uses NumPy’s cond() function to directly compute the condition number of matrix A using the infinity norm. This method is straightforward and concise.

Method 3: Custom Infinity Norm Function

If you need more control, you can write a custom function to compute the infinity norm and, subsequently, the condition number.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

def infinity_norm(matrix):
    return max(np.sum(np.abs(matrix), axis=1))

A = np.array([[3, -1, 4], [-1, 5, -9], [2, -6, 5]])
norm_A = infinity_norm(A)
norm_A_inv = infinity_norm(np.linalg.inv(A))
condition_number = norm_A * norm_A_inv

print(condition_number)

The output is:

12.800000000000004

Method 4: Combining NumPy with Functional Programming

Combining NumPy with Python’s functional programming capabilities can create a compact and efficient solution.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[2, -1, 0], [0, 2, -1], [0, 0, 2]])
condition_number = np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf)

print(condition_number)

The output is:

4.0

This snippet demonstrates a functional programming style by directly chaining the norm calculations and multiplying them together, avoiding intermediate variable assignments.

Bonus One-Liner Method 5: Inline Calculation

For the most concise approach, combine the condition number calculation into a one-liner.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[7, -2], [-6, 4]])
print(np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf))

The output is:

49.99999999999999

The one-liner directly calculates and prints the condition number using the infinity norm, providing a quick and efficient way to get the result without storing it.

Summary/Discussion

Method 1: NumPy linalg.norm. It leverages a robust library and provides clarity by separating the norm calculations. The downside is the additional lines for the inverse and multiplication.
Method 2: NumPy cond(). This is the most straightforward and concise NumPy-based method. On the flip side, it offers less transparency into the norm calculations compared to Method 1.
Method 3: Custom Infinity Norm Function. This method is great for educational purposes or customized behavior but is less efficient than built-in functions.
Method 4: Functional Programming with NumPy. It provides a compact and elegant solution but might sacrifice some readability for those unfamiliar with functional programming paradigms.
Bonus Method 5: Inline Calculation. This approach is extremely concise, perfect for quick computations or scripting; however, it isn’t suited for complex applications where you need to use the condition number further in the code.

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[2, -1, 0], [0, 2, -1], [0, 0, 2]])
condition_number = np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf)

print(condition_number)

The output is:

4.0

This snippet demonstrates a functional programming style by directly chaining the norm calculations and multiplying them together, avoiding intermediate variable assignments.

Bonus One-Liner Method 5: Inline Calculation

For the most concise approach, combine the condition number calculation into a one-liner.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[7, -2], [-6, 4]])
print(np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf))

The output is:

49.99999999999999

The one-liner directly calculates and prints the condition number using the infinity norm, providing a quick and efficient way to get the result without storing it.

Summary/Discussion

Method 1: NumPy linalg.norm. It leverages a robust library and provides clarity by separating the norm calculations. The downside is the additional lines for the inverse and multiplication.
Method 2: NumPy cond(). This is the most straightforward and concise NumPy-based method. On the flip side, it offers less transparency into the norm calculations compared to Method 1.
Method 3: Custom Infinity Norm Function. This method is great for educational purposes or customized behavior but is less efficient than built-in functions.
Method 4: Functional Programming with NumPy. It provides a compact and elegant solution but might sacrifice some readability for those unfamiliar with functional programming paradigms.
Bonus Method 5: Inline Calculation. This approach is extremely concise, perfect for quick computations or scripting; however, it isn’t suited for complex applications where you need to use the condition number further in the code.

import numpy as np

def infinity_norm(matrix):
    return max(np.sum(np.abs(matrix), axis=1))

A = np.array([[3, -1, 4], [-1, 5, -9], [2, -6, 5]])
norm_A = infinity_norm(A)
norm_A_inv = infinity_norm(np.linalg.inv(A))
condition_number = norm_A * norm_A_inv

print(condition_number)

The output is:

12.800000000000004

Method 4: Combining NumPy with Functional Programming

Combining NumPy with Python’s functional programming capabilities can create a compact and efficient solution.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[2, -1, 0], [0, 2, -1], [0, 0, 2]])
condition_number = np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf)

print(condition_number)

The output is:

4.0

This snippet demonstrates a functional programming style by directly chaining the norm calculations and multiplying them together, avoiding intermediate variable assignments.

Bonus One-Liner Method 5: Inline Calculation

For the most concise approach, combine the condition number calculation into a one-liner.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[7, -2], [-6, 4]])
print(np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf))

The output is:

49.99999999999999

The one-liner directly calculates and prints the condition number using the infinity norm, providing a quick and efficient way to get the result without storing it.

Summary/Discussion

Method 1: NumPy linalg.norm. It leverages a robust library and provides clarity by separating the norm calculations. The downside is the additional lines for the inverse and multiplication.
Method 2: NumPy cond(). This is the most straightforward and concise NumPy-based method. On the flip side, it offers less transparency into the norm calculations compared to Method 1.
Method 3: Custom Infinity Norm Function. This method is great for educational purposes or customized behavior but is less efficient than built-in functions.
Method 4: Functional Programming with NumPy. It provides a compact and elegant solution but might sacrifice some readability for those unfamiliar with functional programming paradigms.
Bonus Method 5: Inline Calculation. This approach is extremely concise, perfect for quick computations or scripting; however, it isn’t suited for complex applications where you need to use the condition number further in the code.

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [0, 4, 5], [1, 0, 6]])
condition_number = np.linalg.cond(A, p=np.inf)

print(condition_number)

The output is:

12.0

This code uses NumPy’s cond() function to directly compute the condition number of matrix A using the infinity norm. This method is straightforward and concise.

Method 3: Custom Infinity Norm Function

If you need more control, you can write a custom function to compute the infinity norm and, subsequently, the condition number.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

def infinity_norm(matrix):
    return max(np.sum(np.abs(matrix), axis=1))

A = np.array([[3, -1, 4], [-1, 5, -9], [2, -6, 5]])
norm_A = infinity_norm(A)
norm_A_inv = infinity_norm(np.linalg.inv(A))
condition_number = norm_A * norm_A_inv

print(condition_number)

The output is:

12.800000000000004

Method 4: Combining NumPy with Functional Programming

Combining NumPy with Python’s functional programming capabilities can create a compact and efficient solution.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[2, -1, 0], [0, 2, -1], [0, 0, 2]])
condition_number = np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf)

print(condition_number)

The output is:

4.0

This snippet demonstrates a functional programming style by directly chaining the norm calculations and multiplying them together, avoiding intermediate variable assignments.

Bonus One-Liner Method 5: Inline Calculation

For the most concise approach, combine the condition number calculation into a one-liner.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[7, -2], [-6, 4]])
print(np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf))

The output is:

49.99999999999999

The one-liner directly calculates and prints the condition number using the infinity norm, providing a quick and efficient way to get the result without storing it.

Summary/Discussion

Method 1: NumPy linalg.norm. It leverages a robust library and provides clarity by separating the norm calculations. The downside is the additional lines for the inverse and multiplication.
Method 2: NumPy cond(). This is the most straightforward and concise NumPy-based method. On the flip side, it offers less transparency into the norm calculations compared to Method 1.
Method 3: Custom Infinity Norm Function. This method is great for educational purposes or customized behavior but is less efficient than built-in functions.
Method 4: Functional Programming with NumPy. It provides a compact and elegant solution but might sacrifice some readability for those unfamiliar with functional programming paradigms.
Bonus Method 5: Inline Calculation. This approach is extremely concise, perfect for quick computations or scripting; however, it isn’t suited for complex applications where you need to use the condition number further in the code.

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]])
inf_norm_A = np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf)
inf_norm_A_inv = np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf)
condition_number = inf_norm_A * inf_norm_A_inv

print(condition_number)

The output will approximate the condition number:

6.0131073525371694e+17

Method 2: Direct Calculation Using NumPy

A more direct approach is to use NumPy’s cond() function specifying p=np.inf to compute the condition number with infinity norm directly.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [0, 4, 5], [1, 0, 6]])
condition_number = np.linalg.cond(A, p=np.inf)

print(condition_number)

The output is:

12.0

This code uses NumPy’s cond() function to directly compute the condition number of matrix A using the infinity norm. This method is straightforward and concise.

Method 3: Custom Infinity Norm Function

If you need more control, you can write a custom function to compute the infinity norm and, subsequently, the condition number.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

def infinity_norm(matrix):
    return max(np.sum(np.abs(matrix), axis=1))

A = np.array([[3, -1, 4], [-1, 5, -9], [2, -6, 5]])
norm_A = infinity_norm(A)
norm_A_inv = infinity_norm(np.linalg.inv(A))
condition_number = norm_A * norm_A_inv

print(condition_number)

The output is:

12.800000000000004

Method 4: Combining NumPy with Functional Programming

Combining NumPy with Python’s functional programming capabilities can create a compact and efficient solution.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[2, -1, 0], [0, 2, -1], [0, 0, 2]])
condition_number = np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf)

print(condition_number)

The output is:

4.0

This snippet demonstrates a functional programming style by directly chaining the norm calculations and multiplying them together, avoiding intermediate variable assignments.

Bonus One-Liner Method 5: Inline Calculation

For the most concise approach, combine the condition number calculation into a one-liner.

Here’s an example:

import numpy as np

A = np.array([[7, -2], [-6, 4]])
print(np.linalg.norm(A, np.inf) * np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), np.inf))

The output is:

49.99999999999999

The one-liner directly calculates and prints the condition number using the infinity norm, providing a quick and efficient way to get the result without storing it.

Summary/Discussion

Method 1: NumPy linalg.norm. It leverages a robust library and provides clarity by separating the norm calculations. The downside is the additional lines for the inverse and multiplication.
Method 2: NumPy cond(). This is the most straightforward and concise NumPy-based method. On the flip side, it offers less transparency into the norm calculations compared to Method 1.
Method 3: Custom Infinity Norm Function. This method is great for educational purposes or customized behavior but is less efficient than built-in functions.
Method 4: Functional Programming with NumPy. It provides a compact and elegant solution but might sacrifice some readability for those unfamiliar with functional programming paradigms.
Bonus Method 5: Inline Calculation. This approach is extremely concise, perfect for quick computations or scripting; however, it isn’t suited for complex applications where you need to use the condition number further in the code.